Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CIK (2018) > Crime Scene Investigation > Flashcards

Crime Scene Investigation Flashcards

1
Q

Admissible evidence

A

Evidence is allowable and can be accepted by the court.

Investigators must:

  • Establish relevance of evidence
  • Demonstrate reliability of evidence, through the integrity of the chain of evidence process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Four categories of biological material

A

Body fluids

Trace Biological

Hairs

Toxicology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What category of biological material is this (There are four)?

Blood, semen, saliva

A

Body fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What category of biological material is this (There are four)?

epithelial calls (e.g. skin or mouth cells) transferred through contact

A

Trace biological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What category of biological material is this (There are four)?

hair shaft

A

Hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What category of biological material is this (There are four)?

Drugs in blood, urine

A

Toxicology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 7 types of blood stains

A

Pooled blood

Dripped blood stains

Spattered blood stains

Arterial spurting

Back spatter

Latent blood stains

Cast off blood stains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe each bloodstain pattern

  1. Pooled
  2. Dripped
  3. Spattered
  4. Arterial spurting
  5. Back spatter
  6. Latent blood stains
  7. Cast off blood stains
A
  1. Person lying in one position for a period of time
  2. Indicate direction and movement of victim or assailant
  3. Indicate impact or blows: may not be visible to the naked eye
  4. indicates injury type
  5. From a firearm wound
  6. Not evident to naked eye
  7. From the implement or weapon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Yes/ No

Q. Can blood stain pattern analysis be completed retrospectively from photographs?

A

A. No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chain of evidence

A

A record of all the people who have had custody of an exhibit since it was first discovered.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contamination

A

Occurs when material is added to an exhibit post incident

E.g human or animal enters the scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Control Sample

Also known as reference sample

A

Samples of known origin that can be compared with materials found on items being examined.

e.g. a DNA sample from a known person can be compared with an unknown sample from the scene to assist with ID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cross Contamination

A

exchange of traces of forensic material between the offender, the crime scene, the victim and other people.

e.g. when an officer who has dealt with the victim subsequently interviews the suspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Degrade

A

Overtime, all biological material will degrade naturally.

E.g. A body decomposes after several weeks in a shallow grave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Deteriorate

A

Forensic evidence will deteriorate under certain conditions.

E.g A bloodstain sample collected from the dashboard of an abandoned car has deteriorated by being exposed to direct sunlight over several days

e.g. an exhibit growing mould in a plastic bag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transfer

A

In a forensic context, transfer means the exchange of material traces between the offender, the crime scene and the victim that can occur during and post incident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Entomological samples

A

Entomology is the science of studying insects.

e. g. When insect samples are collected from a body they can assist with estimations of time since death
e. g. When insect samples are collected from a cannabis plant, or from a package of organic material, they can assist with identifying the region of origin of the material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Forensic material

A

May be of a biological or physical nature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

golden hour

A

Term for the period immediately following the commission on an offence when material is abundant and readily available to the police.

20
Q

Impressions

A

An impression is evidence of a biological or physical nature that is left at a crime scene.

Example impressions may be left by:

  • footwear impressions in soil, in a garden or under a window
  • a car tyre on soft mud
  • a finger print on a counter, a fabric impression on a car bumper
  • a tool mark at a place of forced entry
21
Q

What needs to be done before you make an attempt to lift an impression?

A

Photograph it in situ

22
Q

Define intangible and give an example

A

unable to be touched, not having physical presence

Example: an email

23
Q

By doing the following, what are you protecting?

  • access to crime scene is controlled and documented
  • forensic examination is conducted by personnel with an acceptable level of the scientific method and who are suitably trained or qualified
  • the ‘chain of evidence’ is secure
A

Integrity of evidence.

The ultimate test of of the integrity of forensic evidence is when it is presented in court

24
Q

Latent samples

A

Means hidden or concealed.

It is used to describe fingerprints or footprints that are present but not visible to the human eye until they are revealed through the use of powders or chemicals or special lighting

25
Q

Persistence

A

Length of time forensic material is able to be detected following a crime

26
Q

Wiping crime scene blood away / washing the surface will affect the _________

A

persistence

27
Q

Physical fit

A

fitting two or more objects to see if they were originally part of the same item

28
Q

Primary transfer

A

Direct transfer of forensic material from one party to another.

29
Q

What kind of transfer is this?

Fibres from a victim’s woollen jersey are transferred to the offenders jacket during a physical struggle

A

Primary transfer

30
Q

Secondary transfer

A

Indirect transfer of evidence to a third party

31
Q

What kind of transfer is this?

woman dances with male A, who is wearing a red wool jersey

A

Primary transfer

32
Q

What kind of transfer is this?

woman dances with male A, who is wearing a red wool jersey. She gets red wool fibres on her top.

She then dances with male B. Some of red fibres are transferred from her top to male B’s shirt

A

Secondary transfer

33
Q

Does the relevance of forensic evidence reply upon what people said or observed?

A

No

34
Q

Toxicology

A

Analysis of body samples for alcohol, illicit drugs or poisons.

It includes the detection of drugs in urine, blood, hair and fingernails

35
Q

Trace evidence

A

Microscopic or minute samples of evidence

36
Q

Three zones of a crime scene

A

Hot

Warm

Cold

Zoning a crime scene helps to avoid contamination of the scene and the evidence it holds.

37
Q

Describe the Cold Zone

A

Outer cordon of the scene

Place where OC scene manages the scene and the staff involved, e.g. briefings, meals, maintaining scene records

38
Q

Describe the Warm Zone

A

Transition area

  • Scene examiners put on and take off protective clothing
  • Scene examiners access equipment
  • the O/C exhibits receives and records exhibits
39
Q

Describe the Hot Zone

A

The scene requiring examination and evidence protection.

Closely controlled by OC scene

Exhibits are collected and packaged for forensic analysis in the hot zone

40
Q

Where would you package forensic evidence collected at the scene?

WARM ZONE

HOT ZONE

IN THE EXHIBIT ROOM

COLD ZONE

AT ESR

A

Hot zone

41
Q

At a serious crime scene-

What four things will the OC investigation expect in a briefing from the officer in initial charge of the incident?

A
  • What has occurred
  • What action has been take?
  • What has not been done?
  • What needs to be done?
42
Q

True or false

Police have an authority to close a high way in a non emergency situation

A

False

43
Q

Traffic:

When is a road or lane deemed to be closed?

A

If normal travel at the normal speed for the area and scene is disrupted

44
Q

Traffic True or false:

Having a detour in place means the road is open

A

False

45
Q

What does a vehicle with an “H” presented on the front of the vehicle?

A

Heavy motor vehicles classified as “High Productivity”

46
Q

Can “High Productivity” vehicles be detoured from their approved route?

Yes / No / Depends

A

Depends-

Generally:
No.

They must remain parked until the route specified in the permit is clear

HOWEVER

may use an alternative detour route if they are able to reduce the vehicle / combination back to standard dimension, or standard mass (or both standard dimension and standard mass).

47
Q

After a closure, who is responsible for re opening the road?

A

The agency that closes the road

Unless responsibility is transferred to another agency

CIK (2018) (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions