Crime & Punishment Flashcards
C1000-C1500 crime, punishment & law enforcement
Crime Punishment & law enforcement m in Anglo saxon
Law enforcement: Tithings, hue and cry, Taking oatho, Trial by ordeal
Punishment: Capital punishment (hanging), corporal punishment (mutilation), stocks and pillory (public humiliations)
Crime law enforcement punishment in Norman England
Crime: murdrum, forest laws, outlaws (people who tried to avoid trial and punishment
Law enforcement: tithing continued, hue and cry continued
Punishment: Wergild ended, increase in number of crimes punishable by death
Crime punishment and law enforcement in later middle ages
Crime: statue of labourers- crime to request high wages, heresy laws
Law Enforcement: introduction of coroners (investigate suspicious deaths) & JPs (meet 4 times a year)
Punishment: hung drawn & quartered punishment for high treason
Ways the church influenced crime and punishment
End of trial by ordeal by Pope in 1215, church courts (deal with moral crimes) and the king, Benefit of clergy, offering sanctuary
C1500-C1700 Crime, punishment and law enforcement in early modern England
Crime: Vagabondage, witchcraft, rise of smuggling
Law enforcement: Cromwell moral laws, Town constables and night watch
Punishment: burning at stake (for heresy), Early prisons (holding area where people waited trial, bridewell prison 1556 , Bloody code, Transportation to North America
C1700-C1900 crime punishment & law enforcement in the 18th & 19th century
Crime: smuggling, highway robbery, Poaching, decriminalisation of witchcraft, Tolpuddle martyrs,
Law enforcement: parish constables, watchmen, part time soldiers, bow street runners, development of police force, CID
Punishment: decline of the death penalty, transportation to Australia, end of transportation 1868, end of public executions
C1900-Present: Crime, punishment & law enforcement in recent times
Crime: Homophobic crime, race crime, domestic violence, abortion , terrorism, online, extortion
Social crimes: driving offences, drug taking
Law enforcement: preventing crime- breathalysers & speed cameras, cctv, biometric screening, neighbourhood watch
Solving crime: improved communication, forensic science, data management, improved softeate
Specialised police forces: fraud squad, specialist drug-trade units, dog handling units
Punishment: Abolition of the death penalty, borstals (boys only prison), more focus on reform and rehabilitation
Gunpowder plot consequences
In 1605, the thanksgiving Act ordered that catholics were banned from working in the legal profession or becoming officers in the armed forces
In 1606, Popish Recusants Act, forced catholics to take an oath of allegiance to the Englush crown
Catholics Restricted from voting until 1829
John Howrd & Elizabeth Fry
John Howard- believes criminals will only change if given a reasonable standard of living in prison
- clean, decent food and water, useful work, christian teaching
Elizabeth Fry- providing prisoners with furniture & clothing, female warders, separate system for children and females
