Crime Prevention Flashcards
What was the Perry Pre-School Project?
An experimental project for disadvantaged (often black) 3-4 year olds in New York.
- early socialisation
- low income, high risk black children
What are criticisms of the Perry Pre-School Project?
- not a quick solution
- doesn’t directly solve crime
- not very practical as it required long-term financial investment
What does Felson talk about?
Port Authority Bus Terminal
- the poor termin was perfect for deviant conduct so they replaced large sinks that the homeless were bathing in with smaller ones
- displacing crime
What are the 3 things that Foucault talks about?
- Sovereign power
- Disciplinary power
- Panopticon
What does Mathiesen talk about?
Synopticon
- everyone surveilles everyone else
eg. dashboard cameras on cars
What do Feeley & Simon talk about?
Statistical calculations of risk
- predicts the likelihood of offending
- focuses on groups due to this
eg. age, sex, ethnicity, religion
What are the 4 main justifications of punishment? (and explain)
Deterrence
- preventing future crime due to fear of further punishment eg. large fines
Rehabilitation
- reforming / re-educating offenders eg. education programmes
Incapacitation
- removing offender’s capacity to re-pffend eg. imprisonment
Retribution
- society entitled to take revenge for breach of moral code eg. community service
What does Garland talk about?
-criticises mass incarceration as he says it’s a reactive and ineffective approach
- no tackle of underlying social and economic causes eg. poverty and inequality
What does Downes talk about?
US prison system
- serves as a form of social policy
- used to ‘warehouse’ individuals
- masks lack of effectiveness of welfare policies
- deliberate political choice
What do Positivists say about Victimisation?
They focus on personal responsibility
- victim proneness
- Wolfgang = 26% of homicides are due to victim ‘triggering events’
What do Critical sociologists say about Victimisation?
They focus on structural factors and the state’s power to label victims ie. rape, blames women before sentence
- Tombs & Whyte - ‘accident prone’ victims
