Crime and Punishment 6b

Question 1

What are the different subheadings for each paragraph?

Answer 1

Types of Policing (ToP), The White Chapel Murders (JtR), Popular Press (PP), Reformers (R). Then a conclusion

Question 2

What contextual factors are there for the East End of London?

Answer 2

The River Thames, Whitechapel, Bethnal Green, Peabody Trust, Toynbee Hall, Docklands

Question 3

Name some reformers and the main thing that they did (R)

Answer 3

Henry Mahew - researched the situation
Dr Barnardo - provided homes for poor orphans
Samuel Barnett - Opened Toynbee Hall with lectures about social conditions
Charles Booth - collected masses of info abut the poor, and more believed him as he was a successful businessman
George Peabody - created the Peabody Trust to house the poor in cheap, good apartments

Question 4

When did George Peabody move to London? (R)

Answer 4

The American merchant moved in 1837

Question 5

When did Dr Barnardo open his first hostel, then his first home for orphans? (R)

Answer 5

1867 - first hstel

1870 - first home for orphans

Question 6

Why did Charles Booth start acting to help the poor? (R)

Answer 6

He went to Toynbee Hall lectures, and wanted to see how accurate the statistics actually were

Question 7

According to Charles Booth, how many people were below the poverty line? (R)

a) 10%
b) 30%
c) 45%
d) 50%

Answer 7

b) 30%

Question 8

Why is the Toynbee Hall called that? (R)

Answer 8

Samuel Bernett was a good friend of Toynbee. When he died in 1883, the building was opened in his honour

Question 9

When was Henry Mayhew’s work put into which newspaper? (R)

Answer 9

1849 - 1851 his work was in the Morning Chronicle

Question 10

Name some ways Oliver Twist depicted crime in the East End of London (PP)

Answer 10

The police were the last to arrive at the scene of a crime

Often hurt the suspects, even children

Question 11

What was Dickens’ intentions of Oliver Twist? (PP)

Answer 11

To make people feel sorry for the impossible situation the poor were in so that they would help them

Question 12

Why did Dickens write the lower classes as criminals? (PP)

Answer 12

They couldn’t survive any other way due to the society that the upper classes left with them

Question 13

How did the Punch magazine portray the poor in their comics? (PP)

Answer 13

Had to turn to criminality to be happy - still weren’t happy
Large poor families were unable to pay rich landlords
Seen as things/ items - observe not help
Strikes were fine for rich capitalists, bad for the working man
Britain care more for other countries in the commonwealth more than their own people

Question 14

Why was crime easy to get away with without being caught? (JtR)

Answer 14

Foggy streets from nearby Thames/ docks
Poor lighting - dark
Deserted streets (no witnesses)
Alleys were common

Question 15

How were the police operating beforehand? (JtR) Why was this easy to commit crimes?

Answer 15

They worked on the beat (patrolled). Criminals could just wait for them to pass then commit a crime

Question 16

Fill the blanks (JtR):
The ____________ of London figured that _________ police weren’t a good enough _________, and non-_________ police were able to arrest people ______ as they saw the ________.

Answer 16

Commissioner
Uniformed
Deterrent
Uniformed
Easier
Offenders

Question 17

In the late 19th century, what did the police change to and why? (JtR)

Answer 17

The beat policing became more investigative policing, because it was more of a deterrent that criminals knew that they were able to be caught

Question 18

List some problems with beat policing (ToP)

Answer 18

Too few men for an ever-increasing population
Beats of 7 and a half miles in the city at day, 2 miles at night
Criminals who didn’t commit crimes when being watched

Question 19

What other environmental factors made beat policing ineffective? (ToP)

Answer 19

Cramped, poor housing
Poor lighting
Thick fog

Question 20

What does pragmatic mean? (ToP)

Answer 20

Allowing the crime to happen because you couldn’t actually prevent it

Question 21

Detective police wore uniforms. True or false? (ToP)

Answer 21

False - they wore plain clothes to blend in with the surroundings. Then the criminals wouldn’t feel deterred to stop the crime, but there were police witnesses

Question 22

What did the police develop to improve their police force? (ToP)

Answer 22

Fingerprint and photograph detection
Databases
Effective communication

Question 23

Fill the blanks for the concluding paragraph (ToP):
The nature of the East End made these changes _________ and probably inevitable. criminals needed to know that they would be ___________ eventually if the police were to be a _________. The _____________ of poor people in the East End made crime an everyday _______ for many people. The anonymous _____ clothed __________ could action evidence to put criminals ______ ____.

Answer 23

Necessary
Apprehended (Arrested)
Deterrent
Concentration (population)
Reality
Plain
Detectives
Behind bars