Crime and Punishment Flashcards
Name as many crimes against a person as you can?
Murder
Assault
Public Disorder
Rape (New crime)
Name as many crimes against property as you can?
Arson
Theft
Fraud
Poaching
Name as many crimes against authority as you can?
Treason
Rebellion
Terroism
What were the Forest Laws? And what social crime did this cause?
Only nobility could use the Forests, leading to communities being evicted.
If you killed any animals or stole wood from the forest without a license you would face very harsh punishments from the Forest Officials.
Poaching increased which was seen as a social crime.
Name all the community policing in medieval England (mention which ones were continued and which ones were changed)?
Continuity:
Tithings
Hue and Cry
Court System
Changes:
Parish Constables led Hue and Cry and arrested people
Night Watchmen
Name all the Government-appointed officials in medieval England (mention which ones were continued and which ones were changed)?
Continuity:
N/A
Changes:
Knights helped keep peace
Forest Officials
JP’s introduced (Justice of the Peace)
Role of the sheriff expanded
Posses helped the sheriff
Name and explain the 3 different types of courts?
Manor courts:
Dealt with minor crimes in the community
Royal courts:
4 times a year for the most serious crimes
Church courts:
Could give a criminal sanctuary for 40 days, this allowed the criminal to decide whether to go to court or leave the country.
Refused to give Capital punishment
What were Oaths?
If the criminal swore their innocence “before God”, and others supported them, they wouldn’t be punished.
Name and explain a Trial used in Medieval England?
Trial by Combat:
Made by the Normans
2 people fought until one either killed or surrendered
Abolished in 1215
Trial by Ordeal:
Made by the Anglo-Saxons
Outcome seen as God’s judgement
3 types- Trial by hot water or iron, water or consecrated bread (used by Priests only)
Abolished in 1215 by the Pope’s orders
Name and explain another Trial used in Medieval England?
Trial by Combat:
Made by the Normans
2 people fought until one either killed or surrendered
Abolished in 1215
Trial by Ordeal:
Made by the Anglo-Saxons
Outcome seen as God’s judgement
3 types- Trial by hot water or iron, water or consecrated bread (used by Priests only)
Abolished in 1215 by the Pope’s orders
Was the Church important in Medieval England?
Yes
What was the Benefit of the Clergy?
If a person could read part of the Bible then they could be trialed in the Church court
They were much more lenient as they were focused on reformation
Benefit of clergy was not available to women as women couldn’t be priests
What are the 3 aims of punishment?
Retribution
Deter
Reform
What was the Murdrum fine?
If an Anglo-Saxon murdered a Norman and the criminal was not caught, a large sum of money was to be paid out by people in the area of the body to the victim or the victims family
Not the case if a Norman killed an Anglo-Saxon
What is Heresy?
Heresy is betraying a religion
