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Modern studies > Crime and law > Flashcards

Crime and law Flashcards

1
Q

Biological causes of crime

A

Hormones
Warrior gene
Brain development

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2
Q

Example of hormones being a biological cause of crime

A

I’m 2019, the Scottish prison service reported that around 90% of prisoners are male

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3
Q

Example of warrior gene being a biological cause of crime

A

Thee bbc reported a study that found if you have the gene you are 13 times more likely to commit a violent crime

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4
Q

Example of brain development being a biological cause of crime

A

As of 2022, Judges in Scotland are now required to consider rehabilitation rather than jail for young people, as there is evidence that suggests their brains have not matured enough to be treated the same as a adult

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5
Q

Social causes of crime

A

Peer pressure
Alcohol and drugs
Poor parenting

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6
Q

Example of peer pressure being a social cause of crime

A

Gangs often make their new members prove that they are ‘good enough’ by making them prove themselves by committing crimes such as shoplifting and fighting with other Gangs

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7
Q

Example of alcohol and drugs being a social cause of crime

A

The 2017/18 Scottish survey found that 46% of violent crimes involved offenders under the influence of alcohol

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8
Q

Example of poor parenting being a social cause of crime

A

Over 1 million children in Britain have a alcoholic parents and 350 000 children live with drug taking parents

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9
Q

Economic causes of crime

A

Poverty
Greed
Unemployment

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10
Q

Example of poverty being a economic cause of crime

A

Around 25% of all crimes of dishonesty are when people steal shop items such as food and clothing

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11
Q

Example of greed being a economic cause of crime

A

Former SNP Natalie McGarry was jailed for embezzling more that £25 000, including donations meant to go to a food bank

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12
Q

Example of unemployment being a economic cause of crime

A

In areas like Glasgow marry hill where unemployment is high there is also a higher number of gangs

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13
Q

Roles of the court

A

Determine guilt
Issue punishments
Provide justice

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14
Q

Example of the courts determining guilt

A

Former SNP MP Natalie McGarry was found guilty at Glasgow sherif court of embezzlement and jailed

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15
Q

Example of the courts issuing punishments

A

The Hamilton sheriff court gave a community payback order to Mark McLean for his racist and abusive behaviors which he then broke

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16
Q

Example of the courts providing justice

A

The family of Julie Reilly said after the trail at the Glasgow high court that they felt they had justice because the killer Andrew Wallace had been convicted

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17
Q

Consequences of crime on perpetrators

A

Loss of freedom
Social exclusion
Unemployment

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18
Q

Example of loss of freedom

A

For example high courts sentence Andrew Wallace to jail for Kylie Reillys murder in govan

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19
Q

Example of unemployment

A

For example former MP Natalie McGarry lost her job as an MP after she embezzled from food banks

20
Q

Consequences of crime on victims

A

Death
Depression
Unemployment

21
Q

Example of death

A

For example Julie Reilly was murdered in govan by Andrew Wallace who was later jailed for his crimes

22
Q

Consequences of crime on family’s

A

Loss of home
Grief
Funeral costs

23
Q

Example of grief

A

For example, Julie truly was murdered in govan by Andrew Wallace, leaving her mum and sister and daughter in emotional pain

24
Q

Consequences of crime on Community’s

A

Fear
Loss of tourism

25
Q

Example of fear

A

For example when Julie reily was murdered in govan it took a while to find the killer so people in the community would of experienced fear that the killer could strike again

26
Q

Example of loss in tourism

A

For example when Alesha mcphail was murdered by Aron Campbell in the isle of bite, many tourists stayed away from this island, which resulted in loss of income

27
Q

Consequences of crime on wider society

A

Fear of men
Loss of tourism

28
Q

Roles of children hearing systems

A

Organize children’s panel
Investigate referrals

29
Q

Example of organizing children’s Panel

A

There are around 2500 children’s panel members across Scotland

30
Q

Example of investigating referrals

A

Referrals can be made by police, social workers, school teachers or even children

31
Q

How did the government respond to crime

A

Set up a violence reduction unit

Introduced laws to reduce alcohol consumption

Set up a campaign ‘no knifes better life’s’

32
Q

Example of the government setting up violence reduction unit

A

Murder rates in Glasglow have dropped 60% in 10 years

33
Q

Example of no knifes better life’s

A

Between 2011-2016 no one under 20 died from a knife in Glasgow

34
Q

What are alternatives to prison

A

Home detention
Community pay back
Fine

35
Q

Example of a fine

A

In 2020, Celtic footballer lee Griffith was given 4 penalty points and a £700 fine after admitting to speeding.

36
Q

Example of community payback order

A

In 2021, jade stoddart was spared jail after smuggling drugs into prison. She was given 180 hours of community service.

37
Q

Example of home detention

A

In 2017, James wright was out on home detention after being found carrying a knife

38
Q

What are the roles of the police

A

Prevent crime
Investigate crimes
Protect people and property

39
Q

Example of police preventing crime

A

They have launched campaigns, and in 2020 they raised awareness of hate crimes towards disabled people using the hashtag #donttoleratehate

40
Q

Example of the police protecting people and property

A

The police were there at glasgows COP26 events in 2021. There was around 100,000 officers there each day to keep people safe and secure

41
Q

Example of the police investigating crimes

A

The police investigating the murder of aleshia macphail and found evidence that Aron Campbell was the killer

42
Q

Advantages to alternatives to prison

A

Cheeper
Reoffending rate is lower
Prisons are overcrowded

43
Q

Example of prisons being overcrowded

A

HMP Berlinnie was running at 140% capacity in 2018

44
Q

Example of alternatives to prisons being cheeper

A

The cost of electronic tagging is about £2000 and that is less than half of the cost of a 3 month prison sentence

45
Q

Example of alternatives to prison makes reoffending lower

A

Scottish government banned short sentences of less than 12 months as reoffending rates were as high as 30%

Modern studies (2 decks)

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