crime and law

Question 1

social reasons people commit crime
(social exclusion)

Answer 1

feel that society has no place for them. may joining gangs to make feel a sense of family or respect

documentary starting mario and nini they were always getting in trouble in school. they ended up joining a gang and said that it made them feel part of a family

Question 2

social reasons people commit crime
(peer presure)

Answer 2

might feel that they have to commit the same crimes as their peers to fit in or seem cool.

gang crime in the Britain’s teen gang documentary when a former gang member stated that she still feel pressure to be involved in crime and drugs by her friends

Question 3

economic reasons for people committing crimes
(greed)

Answer 3

feel that they deserve more money and think that legal methods don’t work for the desires they have.

MPs expenses scandal where many members of parliament were claiming money for work on their homes which weren’t actually happening. they kept the money for themselves and stole it

Question 4

economic reasons for people committing crimes
(poverty)

Answer 4

they may not have enough money for themselves or family. no choice but to turn to crime.

the rise in shoplifting becuse of increasing poverty. people shoplift to feed themselves and family

Question 5

biological reasons people commit crime
(brain structure)

Answer 5

have a malformed or damaged brain. AMYGDALA controls their impulse and emotions. if it is damaged it could lead to crime as they want to feel satisfied.

professor James fallon investigated brain scans and found that serial killers and psychopaths have similar pattern of damaged on their amygdala.

Question 6

biological reasons people commit crime
(genetics)

Answer 6

particular gene that tells their body to be more aggressive. lead to them becoming violent and committing a crime.

warrior gene which tells the human body to produce higher levels of hormones. leads to someone feeling more aggressive and violent

Question 7

consequences of crime on the preparator
(lack of good future)

Answer 7

harder to get work because of their criminal record, loose friends loose their driving licences and years of their life wasted in prison

many jobs do not hire anyone with a criminal record which means that its harder from them getting into a job leading them to poverty.

Question 8

consequences of crime on the preparator
(mental health)

Answer 8

committing crime can lead to intense feeling of guilt leading them to depression. mental health can also be affected by spending a long time in jail

the impact of solitary conferment can have serious phycological impact like anxiety, aggression and memory loss

Question 9

consequence of crime on victims
( mental impact)

Answer 9

suffer mental trauma. they may also feel unsafe and not willing to return to the place of attack due to trauma.

acid attack victim in London stated that she struggles to go out with friend and have fun dur to the trauma

Question 10

consequence of crime on the victims
(physical impact)

Answer 10

suffer physical impacts especially if they were a victim of violent crime. they may be left unable to live the same life as before

for example there has been a rise in acid attack attacks in London, his can leave the victims with serious scarring, blindness and disfigurements

Question 11

consequence of crime on families
(loss of a parent)

Answer 11

child may loose there parent because they were a victim of murder or because they were a proprotor and received time in prison. this can lead to trauma

the impacts of having a parent in prison for children can leave them feeling abandoned. they may also be angry

Question 12

consequence of crime on families
(family stigma)

Answer 12

people may not trust them or think that they are guilty by association because they have a family member in prison. people may look down on that family

people can “write off” children of offenders because of what there parent has done. the may feel that the child is more likely to end up in prison or not try as hard in life.

Question 13

consequence of crime on communities

(economic impact)

Answer 13

communities will have to pay to repair any damage that was done and remove any graffiti. they would have to pay the police(taxes) more to investigate crime.

the cost of keeping someone in jail is around £40000 a year. the more crime, the higher the taxes. taxes might need to be raised to cover the cost

Question 14

the role off the police
(protect the public)

Answer 14

keep people safe during big events such as football matches or places with high risk of terrorist attacks

policing football matches where officers try to keep rival fans separate, break up violence and move people likely to cause trouble and get hurt

Question 15

the role off the police
(investigating crime)

Answer 15

find it who committed a crime and arrest them, build a case against them proving that they are guilty.

British police investigation into an attempt to blow up aeroplanes using liquid bombs. this involved surveillance, planting bugs and coordinating with the usa and pakistani police force

Question 16

structure of the police
(local division)

Answer 16

they do the everyday work of the police, they answer emergency calls and patrol local areas. they also try to prevent crimes as well as protecting the public

Edinburgh local; division where officers police the edinburgh festival. they deal with drunk people and help with directions

Question 17

structure of the police
(specialist crime division)

Answer 17

provide expert support in more serious or unusual crime that local division dont usually deal with such as major crime.

counter-terrorism unit where officers train using guns to take down armed terrorists

Question 18

powers of the police
(stop and search)

Answer 18

police officers can stop members of the public and if they have reasonable grounds to suspect that they are unlawfully carrying something they can search for this item.

someone might be stopped and searched of they are running away from a crime scene or if the police have been tipped off that the person is carrying or selling illegal drugs or weapons

Question 19

effectivnes of the police
(reducing crime)

Answer 19

this is because they are good at finding out who has committed the crime and bringing justice.

the major investigation team which investigates violent death in Scotland have solved every sing case

Question 20

government responses
(violent reduction unit)

Answer 20

this is a publicly-funded programme. treats violence as a public health crisis =. it focuses on helping criminals get better through training programs.

this has been effective as the murder rate in Glasgow have halved following the introduction of vru. however, its said that the program is too soft on violent offenders

Question 21

government responses
(police and crime commissioners)

Answer 21

they are directly allected officers who oversee police services in England and wales . they have control over the service BUDGET, setting targets and hiring/ firing the chief.

effective as many people feel that it allows the community to affected the police by electing the commissioners every four years. not affective as some have criticized and the commissioners often don’t know allot about policing.

Question 22

powers of the police
(arresting and detaining people)

Answer 22

police officers can arrest someone and take them into custody, they can hold them for up to 12 hours without charging them or 24 hours if a senior police officer has authorised it

when you are arrested you must be read rights your rights and a lawyer must be informed that you are in custody.

Question 23

effectives of the police
(protect the public)

Answer 23

they have increased public trust and reduced crime to its lowest level since 1974. 71% of victims feel that the police are doing enough to keep them safe

violent crimes has decreased by over 25% since 2011

Question 24

structure of the courts
(justice of the peace)

Answer 24

deals with minor crimes such as traffic violations. judge decided whether someone is guilty and sentence

for example the max fine is £2500 and 60 days in prison

Question 25

structure of the police ]
(high court)

Answer 25

deals with more major crimes such as murder. guilt is always determined by a jury of 15 people and judge decided on sentence

max fine is an unlimited fine and unlimited prison sentence

Question 26

effectives of court
(determining guilt)

Answer 26

court decided if someone is accused of a crime is guilty or not guilty or not proven

effective as just 8% pf convicts in high court are overturned showing 92% made the right decsion the first time

Question 27

effectiveness of the court
(determining sentence)

Answer 27

court has to weigh up a number of factors such as harm caused and the circumstances and decide on a sentence that is appropriate for the crime

ineffective as the Scottish government has criticised courts for giving out too many short prison sentences

Question 28

children’s hearing system
(child at the centre)

Answer 28

young people attend the panel and have their voices heard. not a defendant bit a participant in deciding what happens

effective as the young person invested in the prosses is making their life better. however young criminals should not have a say in what their own consequences

Question 29

children’s hearing system
(informal setting)

Answer 29

rather than attending the court they sat in a formal sitting which is less intimidating. they can partake in the decision making.

effective as it moves the focused away from punishment and towards finding solutions for the young person. however it does not prepare young people for the consequences of committing a crime as an adult

Question 30

purpose of prisons
(punishing offenders)

Answer 30

main aim is to punish criminals for their crimes. less likely to commit a crime due to the consequences

effective as prisoners have limited contact with family and kept locked in a cell. however 30% of prisoners reoffend

Question 31

purpose of prisons
(rehabilitating offenders)

Answer 31

aim of prisons is to try and help prisoners turn their lives around, they do this by job training and addiction programs

effective as reoffending is at its lowest for 16 year olds. however only 15% of prisoners have good numeracy and 50% of male prisoners cannot read.

Question 32

alternative to prisons
(community payback order)

Answer 32

offenders do unpaid work to pay back for the crime that they have committed. might be damage from property damage, they could pick up litter or clean graffiti.

effective as its twice as effective as short term sentences reducing reoffenders. however, the offenders never finish their sentence

Question 33

alternatives to prison
(restorative justice)

Answer 33

offenders meet with their victim and talk about what happened and apologies they can do this paying them back or through apology letters.

effective as 85% of victims say that it helped them get buck to their own life. however, people say that its going to easy on the perpetrator and is easy to fake remorse in order to get off easily.