crime and deviance key studies (sociologists) Flashcards
Who is Heidensohn and what perspective does she write from?
Feminist (PATRIACHY)who explains crime may be caused by women not having any opportunity to commit crime- part of the private sphere therefore taking care of domestic labour in the home also supported financially by the husband results in them not having any ‘opportunity’ to commit crime
Who is cohen and what perspective do they write from?
FUNCTIONALIST-
Which sociologist explains the strain theory?
Cohen (functionalist)- Looked at working class boys, become frustrated as they cant achieve the means of society through legal ways therefore turn to crime creating there own deviant culture. Carrying out criminal activities such as vandalism stealing and truancy.
How can Cohen be criticised?
Working class boys don’t necessarily accept mainstream success goals but exhibit delinquent behaviour out of resentment against those values they don’t share.
How can Heidenhson be criticised (feminist)?
Focuses on only some women doesn’t represent them all.
Who is Carlen and what perspective does she write from?
Feminist- gender and class deal
Looked at working-class women who have committed a crime at least once in their lives. Argues human beings are not naturally good or bad but will make rational decisions due to deprivation therefore turning to crime. CLASS+GENDER deal. if rewards are not available they may turn to crime.
what time of research did the feminist Carlen use?
In-depth unstructured interviews
CARLEN : what is a class deal?
Offers respectable working-class women consumer goods in return for their wage(work)
Carlen: what is a gender deal?
In return for there love and domestic labour they get physcological and material rewards from a male breadwinner
How can CARLEN (feminist) be criticised?
Small sample but supports the view that social controls breakdown criminal behaviour is more likely (anomie)
What does Merton explain and what perspective does he write from?
FUNCTIONALIST -
Deviance results from the culture and structure of society! Believes in value consensus. Too much importance was focused on success rather than ways to achieve it. ANYTHING goes in the pursuit of material success. 1/5 in which individuals could respond to goals is: ritualism- those who conform but are in low status jobs with little enthusiasm for there work
What does anomie mean?
Anomie is when a person does not have the same norms and values as society. This usually happens because they have not been socialised to share the same values as others.
Which sociologist explains Labelling?
Be nteractionalist
Who is Becker and what perspective do they write from?
(think of the 4Ws)
INTERACTIONALIST- An act only becomes deviant when others define it as such.
Who, Where, when, and who observes
Powerful agents (eg. police ) have the power to make the label stick.
The label becomes a master label shadowing the individual’s identity.
Individuals may see themselves in terms of the label producing a self-fufilling prophecy that may lead them person into a deviant career (law-abiding careers seem closed off for them.
