Crime and deviance- functionalist theories Flashcards

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1
Q

Where did Merton argue that criminal behaviour came from

A

The organisations and culture which an individual lives within

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2
Q

What did Merton argue that society set all its members

A

Social/cultural goals
Institutionalised means

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3
Q

What are social/cultural goals

A

Things you want to, and
things society tells you that you should be able to,
achieve including owning a home, a car, etc.

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4
Q

What are institutionalised means

A

The socially approved
methods of achieving these goals, including
education/qualifications, money, status, and power.

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5
Q

What is social strain

A

A situation where there is a large gap between goals and means.

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6
Q

According to Merton, when does crime occur

A

When there aren’t enough legitimate opportunities for people to achieve the normal success goals of a society.

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7
Q

What are illegitimate means

A

Means which are not accepted/approved by
society, such as crime.

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8
Q

According to Criminal Justice Statistics: In 2017,
over a quarter (__%) of prisoners were serving
time for theft.

A

29

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9
Q

How does the theft stat help explain social strain

A

People may not have the
institutionalised means, such as a well-paid form of
employment, to achieve the cultural goals, such as material
items, so commit crime to achieve them.

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10
Q

What are Merton’s 5 modes of adaptation

A

Conformist
Innovation
Ritualism
Retreatism
Rebellion

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11
Q

What conformists reject/accept

A

Accept goals and means

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12
Q

What do innovationists reject/accept

A

Accept goals, reject means

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13
Q

What do ritualists reject/accept

A

Reject goals but accept means

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14
Q

What do retreatists reject/accept

A

Reject goals and means

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15
Q

What do rebellions accept/reject

A

Create their own goals and means

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