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Kirsten Trial FC IELTS 10pm > Crime and Criminality Lower Intermediate > Flashcards

Crime and Criminality Lower Intermediate Flashcards

1
Q

An illegal act.

A

Crime

Example Sentence: Committing a crime can result in serious consequences.

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2
Q

A person who has committed a crime.

A

Criminal

Example Sentence: The police are searching for the criminal who robbed the bank.

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3
Q

A person who sees an event or crime take place.

A

Witness

Example Sentence: The witness identified the suspect in the police lineup.

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4
Q

Facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.

A

Evidence

Example Sentence: The detective collected strong evidence to solve the case.

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5
Q

A person believed to be guilty of a crime.

A

Suspect

Example Sentence: The police detained the suspect for questioning.

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6
Q

Responsible for committing a crime.

A

Criminal (adjective):

Example Sentence: The court found the defendant guilty of theft.

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7
Q

Not guilty of a crime.

A

Innocent

Example Sentence: The suspect was proven innocent after a thorough investigation.

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8
Q

Responsible for committing a crime.

A

Guilty

Example Sentence: The court found the defendant guilty of theft.

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9
Q

Causing one to have the idea or impression that something or someone is questionable, dishonest, or dangerous.

A

Suspicious

Example Sentence: The officer found the behavior of the man to be suspicious.

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10
Q

Conforming to, permitted by, or recognized by law.

A

Lawful

Example Sentence: It’s essential to lead a lawful life and abide by the rules.

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11
Q

To carry out or perpetrate (a crime).

A

Commit (verb):

Example Sentence: The suspect was arrested for attempting to commit burglary.

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12
Q

To take (another person’s property) without permission.

A

Steal
Example Sentence: The thief stole the wallet from the crowded market.

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13
Q

To carry out a systematic inquiry or examination.

A

Investigate

Example Sentence: The police are actively investigating the robbery.

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14
Q

To make an emotional appeal or request.

A

Plead

Example Sentence: The defendant decided to plead guilty in court.

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15
Q

To declare (someone) to be guilty of a criminal offense.

A

Convict

Example Sentence: The jury had enough evidence to convict the suspect.

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16
Q

In a careful and deliberate manner.

A

Cautiously

Example Sentence: After the break-in, she walked cautiously through the dark alley.

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17
Q

In a way that is not known or seen by others.

A

Secretly

Example Sentence: The spy secretly gathered information about the criminal organization.

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18
Q

Used to convey that something is claimed to be the case but is not proven.

A

Allegedly

Example Sentence: The suspect was allegedly involved in the illegal activity.

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19
Q

In a way that shows care and conscientiousness in one’s work or duties.

A

Diligently

Example Sentence: The detective diligently examined the crime scene for clues.

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20
Q

In a way that is not expected or anticipated.

A

Unexpectedly

Example Sentence: The arrest came unexpectedly, surprising everyone in the neighborhood.

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21
Q

To enter a building or property illegally, typically with the intent to commit a crime.

A

Break in

Example Sentence: The burglars tried to break in through the back door.

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22
Q

To escape punishment for a crime.

A

Get away with

Example Sentence: It’s not easy to get away with stealing in a small community.

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23
Q

To surrender to the authorities.

A

Turn oneself in

Example Sentence: Realizing the seriousness of the crime, he decided to turn himself in to the police.

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24
Q

To investigate or inquire about something.

A

Look into
Example Sentence: The detective promised to look into the matter and find the truth.

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25
Q

To put someone in prison.

A

Lock up

Example Sentence: The judge decided to lock up the dangerous criminal for a long time.

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26
Q

Unlawfully entering a building with the intent to commit a crime, typically theft.

A

Burglary

Example Sentence: “The police are investigating a burglary at the local store.”

27
Q

Taking someone else’s property without permission.

A

Theft

Example Sentence: “She reported the theft of her bicycle to the police.”

28
Q

Stealing items from a store without paying.

A

Shoplifting

Example Sentence: “Shoplifting is a common problem for retailers.”

29
Q

Deliberately damaging or destroying property.

A

Vandalism

Example Sentence: “The park was closed due to vandalism to the playground equipment.”

30
Q

Intentionally causing someone to fear physical harm.

A

Assault

Example Sentence: “The suspect was charged with assault after the bar fight.”

31
Q

Using force or threat to take someone’s property.

A

Robbery

Example Sentence: “The masked man committed a robbery at the convenience store.”

32
Q

Unlawfully taking someone against their will.

A

Kidnapping

Example Sentence: “The police rescued the kidnapped child after a week of investigation.”

33
Q

The killing of one person by another.

A

Homicide

Example Sentence: “The detectives were called to the scene of a homicide.”

34
Q

Deceptive practices intended to gain something of value.

A

Fraud

Example Sentence: “He was arrested for fraud after running a Ponzi scheme.”

35
Q

Misappropriating funds entrusted to someone.

A

Embezzlement

Example Sentence: “The accountant was caught embezzling money from the company.”

36
Q

Creating fake documents or signatures with the intent to deceive

A

Forgery

Example Sentence: “The artist was arrested for forgery of valuable paintings.”

37
Q

Unauthorized access to computer systems or networks.

A

Hacking

Example Sentence: “The company’s database was compromised due to hacking.”

38
Q

Stealing someone’s personal information to commit fraud.

A

Identity Theft:

Example Sentence: “He discovered his identity was stolen when unauthorized transactions appeared on his bank statement.”

39
Q

Illegally transporting or selling controlled substances.

A

Drug Trafficking:

Example Sentence: “Law enforcement cracked down on a major drug trafficking ring.”

40
Q

Operating a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

A

DUI(Driving Under the Influence):

Example Sentence: “The police arrested the driver for DUI after a failed sobriety test.”

41
Q

A small, short-barreled firearm designed to be held in one hand.

A

Handgun:

Example Sentence: “The suspect was apprehended with a loaded handgun.”

42
Q

A long-barreled firearm that is typically fired from the shoulder, often used for close-range shooting.

A

Shotgun

Example Sentence: “The burglars were armed with a shotgun during the home invasion.”

43
Q

A cutting tool with a sharp blade, often used as a weapon.

A

Knife

Example Sentence: “The assailant threatened the victim with a knife.”

44
Q

A rounded, heavy wooden or metal club used in the sport of baseball but can be used as a weapon.

A

Baseball Bat:

Example Sentence: “The assailant threatened the victim with a baseball bat.”

45
Q

An explosive device designed to cause damage or destruction.

A

Bomb

Example Sentence: “The terrorist plot involved planting a bomb in a crowded area.”

46
Q

A self-defense tool containing a chemical irritant that causes temporary blindness and discomfort.

A

Pepper Spray:

Example Sentence: “Some individuals carry pepper spray for personal safety.”

47
Q

Committing crimes, such as theft, burglary, or fraud, to obtain money or valuable resources.

A

Financial Gain:

Example: A person might resort to robbing a bank due to financial difficulties.

48
Q

Influence from friends or social groups to engage in criminal activities.

A

Peer Pressure:

Example: Teenagers may succumb to peer pressure and participate in vandalism or shoplifting.

49
Q

Drug or alcohol addiction can lead individuals to commit crimes to support their habits.

A

Substance Abuse:

Example: An addict might resort to theft or drug trafficking to fund their substance abuse.

50
Q

Seeking retaliation or retribution for perceived wrongs or grievances.

A

Revenge

Example: A person may commit a crime as a form of revenge against someone who has harmed them.

51
Q

Engaging in criminal activities for the excitement, adrenaline rush, or sense of adventure.

A

Thrill-Seeking:

Example: Some individuals may commit crimes like vandalism or joyriding for the thrill of it.

52
Q

Limited opportunities for education or employment, leading individuals to resort to criminal activities.

A

Lack of Alternatives:

Example: A person facing high unemployment rates in their community may turn to crime out of desperation.

53
Q

Mental health issues, such as antisocial personality disorder or impulse control disorders, can contribute to criminal behavior.

A

Psychological Disorders:

Example: Individuals with certain mental health disorders may engage in violent or impulsive acts.

54
Q

Growing up in environments with high crime rates, violence, or a lack of positive role models.

A

Environmental Factors:

Example: Children raised in neighborhoods with high crime rates may be more likely to engage in criminal behavior.

55
Q

Adherence to cultural values or societal norms that may condone or glorify criminal behavior.

A

Cultural or Societal Norms:

Example: In some cases, criminal acts are viewed as acceptable or even heroic within certain subcultures.

56
Q

Membership in a criminal gang, where criminal activity is often part of the gang culture.

A

Gang Affiliation:

Example: Gang members may be involved in activities such as drug trafficking, extortion, or violence.

57
Q

Taking advantage of opportunities that arise spontaneously, often due to a lack of security or surveillance.

A

Opportunistic Crimes:

Example: A person might commit a burglary if they see an open window or an unlocked door.

58
Q

Police officers, detectives, and law enforcement personnel are responsible for enforcing laws, investigating crimes, and maintaining public order.

A

Law Enforcement Officers:

59
Q

reside over legal proceedings, interpret and apply the law, make rulings on admissibility of evidence, and deliver verdicts and sentences.

A

Judges

60
Q

represent clients in legal matters. They can be prosecutors, who represent the government in criminal cases, or defense attorneys, who represent individuals accused of crimes. Other types include civil lawyers, family lawyers, and more.

A

Attorneys (Lawyers):

61
Q

A group of individuals selected to hear evidence during a trial and deliver a verdict based on that evidence

A

Jury

62
Q

Experts in various scientific fields, such as forensic science, pathology, or digital forensics, who provide specialized knowledge and analysis to support investigations and legal cases.

A

Forensic Experts:

63
Q

Researchers who study crime, criminal behavior, and the social and psychological factors that contribute to criminality. Their findings contribute to the understanding of crime and its prevention.

A

Criminologists

Kirsten Trial FC IELTS 10pm (2 decks)

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