Crim Just Exam 5 Study Set

Question 1

Probation

Answer 1

suspended sentence

-prison term delayed while the defendant undergoes a period of community treatment
DEFINITION

Question 2

Who was the beginning of probation traced back to?

Answer 2

John Augustus

-Boston shoemaker

Question 3

What state was the first to appoint paid probation officers?

Answer 3

Massachusetts

Question 4

Who was the modern idea of probation credited to?

Answer 4

John Augustus

Question 5

Judicial Reprieve

Answer 5

a common law practice which allows judges to suspend punishment so that convicted offenders could seek a pardon, gather new evidence or demonstrate that they had reformed their behavior.

Question 6

Recognizance

Answer 6

allowed convicted offenders to go unpunished if they agreed to refrain from any further criminal behavior

Question 7

The probation population has been growing for about ___ years.

Answer 7

30 years

Question 8

In the past ___ years there has been a actual decrease in the population of probation.

Answer 8

5 years

Question 9

Specialized Probation

Answer 9

when teams of probation officers take on clients convicted of one specific type of crime

-drug offenses

-domestic violence

-DUI

Question 10

Conditions of Probation

Answer 10

judge has broad discretion in setting the terms of probation.

Legal violation.

-Committing another crime

Technical violation

Question 11

Intake

Answer 11

when a probation officer settles cases at the initial appearance before the onset of formal criminal proceedings

Risk Classification

Question 12

Diagnosis

Answer 12

assessment of probationer’s character, attitude, and behavior in order too determine the best possible treatment

Question 13

Risk Classification

Answer 13

assessment of the threat level probationer’s pose to the community and themselves

• employment status, age, drug abuse history, prior felony convictions.

Question 14

Presentence Investigation

Answer 14

judge uses to formulate a proper and effective sentence

Question 15

United States v. Knights

Answer 15

supreme court upheld the warrantless search of a probationer’s home for the purpose of gathering criminal information.

Question 16

Minnesota v. Murphy

Answer 16

probation officer-client relationship is not confidential and that if a crime is admitted to a probation officer the information can be passed onto the police.

Question 17

United States v. Granderson

Answer 17

clarified what can happen to a probationer whose community sentence is revoked

Question 18

What percent of probationer’s successfully complete their probationary sentences?

Answer 18

65%

Question 19

Level of Services-Revised (LSI-R)

Answer 19

advertised standardized tests most widely used to predict failure and assignment treatment for probationers

Question 20

Most revocations of probation occur during the first what months because of technical issues?

Answer 20

3 months

Question 21

What is the most well known private probation program company in Missouri?

Answer 21

The Private Probation Services

Question 22

Intermediate Sanctions

Answer 22

punishments that fall between probation and prison and prison and are primarily community based/administered by probation departments

Question 23

Advantages of Intermediate Sanctions

Answer 23

• cost benefit
• equitable community sentences
• Increased control
• reduced overcrowding

Question 24

Tate v. Short (1971)

Answer 24

recognized that incarcerating individuals who could not pay fines discriminates against the poor.

Question 25

Fines are mostly used in cases involving what?

Answer 25

misdemeanors

Question 26

Fine

Answer 26

levying a money payment on offenders to compensate society for their misdeeds.

Question 27

Day Fees

Answer 27

a program requiring probationers to pay in part for the costs of theirtreatment

• not a part of intermediate sanctions
• not used in felony cases involving financial harm

Question 28

Public Intoxication is most likely to end in a what?

Answer 28

a fine as a sentence

Question 29

Fines are commonly used where?

Answer 29

Europe

Question 30

Forfeiture

Answer 30

taking of personal property by the state as a civil or criminal penalty.

-reintroduced under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act (RICO)

Question 31

Restitution

Answer 31

condition of probation in which the offender repays society or the victim of the crime for the trouble caused by the offender.

• involves wealthy offenders
• judge can issue order in where offender can get low paying job and use income as means of payment