Creditors Flashcards

1
Q

Modern view of the corporation is that it is simply ____

A

a nexus of contracts

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2
Q

Under the modern view, corporate law’s goal is to facilitate ____ NOT ___

A

contractual transactions, defend ostensible ownership rights

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3
Q

DGCL 211 requires that the BOD ___

A

hold annual SH meetings

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4
Q

SH primacy is the idea that ___

A

business is organized and carried on primarily for profit of SHs

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5
Q

Under SH primacy, actions for SHs should be limited only by __

A

boundaries of contracts/regulations

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6
Q

The justification for SH primacy is that SHs have ___ while creditors ___

A

no legal means beyond fiduciary duties to get $ back, have contractually specified payments

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7
Q

SH primacy is justified on the basis that SHs have no right to __ or to __

A

dividends, withdraw principal investment

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8
Q

The stakeholder model (in contrast to SH primacy) is the idea that the BOD ___

A

should and does manage corp for the benefit of all stakeholders

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9
Q

The biggest blow to the Stakeholder Model is __

A

DGCL 362(a) public benefit corps

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10
Q

DGCL 362(a) suggests that corporations organized for a public benefit are ___

A

distinct from standard corps under DGCL

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11
Q

DGCL 362(a) strongly suggests that standard DE corps are not ___

A

to be managed for the public benefit

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12
Q

Stakeholder model advocates that SHs already have strong protection through ____

A

right to elect the BOD

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13
Q

Stakeholder model advocates argue that debt and equity are ___

A

equally important sources of funding

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14
Q

In DE, directors ___ fiduciary duties to creditors

A

DO NOT owe

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15
Q

Chancellor Allen came up with the idea of __

A

the zone of insolvency

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16
Q

The zone of insolvency idea comes from the fact that ___

A

SHs are more willing to gamble all of the company’s assets if close to insolvency instead of saving something for creditors

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17
Q

Because most claims ___ ultimately all constituencies become creditors

A

resolve into damages/financial claims

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18
Q

Gheewalla was ____ cause of action by creditors

A

direct

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19
Q

Gheewalla held that creditors cannot ___

A

bring direct claims for breach of fiduciary duties

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20
Q

Gheewalla reasoned that direct claims were prohibited because ___

A

other sources of law (contracts, bankruptcy) protect creditors

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21
Q

Gheewalla held that creditors MAY ___

A

bring derivative fiduciary duty claims against BOD of an insolvent corporation

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22
Q

Gheewalla held that until insolvency ___

A

SH have standing to bring derivative actions

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23
Q

MetLife Main facts

A

Defendants accepted leveraged buyout that significantly reduced value of plaintiff bonds

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24
Q

The MetLife plaintiffs argued that the company breached ____

A

implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing

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25
Q

How did MetLife plaintiffs argue that the buyout breached implied covenants

A

taking on additional debt allowing value of bonds to drop

26
Q

One key fact from the MetLife case was that in the bond indentures there were express provisions that allowed ___

A

Defendants to merge, sell assets and assume additional debt

27
Q

Even if a corporation is insolvent, creditors cannot ___

A

bring a direct action for fiduciary breach

28
Q

The MetLife court didn’t read an implied covenant into the contract because __

A

can only be implied if court can assume parties would’ve included it (here it was expressly added later)

29
Q

MetLife held that a debt security holder can only protect themself against borrower actions that may jeopardize ability to pay debt if ____

A

do so through contractual provisions

30
Q

The MetLife court fixates on the fact that ____ in denying the implied covenant

A

the plaintiffs were sophisticated market participants AND company knew of risk associated with the bonds

31
Q

The MetLife court holds that approving an implied covenant in this case would ___

A

confer on Ps a benefit they didn’t bargain for

32
Q

One of the key issues in Ebay was that Jim and Craig wanted craigslist to ___

A

be a community service rather than purely profit-driven

33
Q

In Ebay the Court used different ___

A

standards of review for each defensive device

34
Q

Court says that being profit-driven is ___

A

necessity for DE corps not a culture choice

35
Q

The poison pill in Ebay made it impossible for __

A

ebay to divest entire stake without consent of Jim and Craig

36
Q

Ebay holds that Unocal requires directors to identify ___

A

proper corporate objectives served by their actions

37
Q

Ebay holds that a Rights Plan will fall in the range of reasonableness if ___

A

BOD implements plan in good faith to maximize DH value

38
Q

The Rights Plan in Ebay was not reasonable because ___

A

purpose to maintain community-culture, no evidence would increase SH profitability

39
Q

Pistor suggests that it’s strange that the Court handles the Ebay measures ___ rather than ___

A

all separately rather than as a package, using one standard and then deciding if each measure was proportional

40
Q

The Ebay court rejects the defendants’ ___ argument

A

Paramount

41
Q

The staggered BOD in ebay was subject to __

A

BJR

42
Q

The zone of insolvency argument was rejected in Gheewalla because the court believed that ___

A

in the zone need clear leadership directive

43
Q

The parol evidence rule means that __

A

contractual silence does not create ambiguity

44
Q

MetLife found that it was unwarranted to assume that the parties would’ve included the implied covenant because ___

A

expressly agreed to waive it

45
Q

Piercing the veil of a corporation allows claimants to __

A

go after individual directors or parent company

46
Q

You can pierce the corporate veil if ___

A

subsidiary treated as alter ego of the parent

47
Q

Two factors for corporate veil test

A
  • No corporate formalities
  • Grave injustice if regarded as separate
48
Q

The Ebay court was particularly hostile to the culture argument because ___

A

got $ from selling stake to ebay who wants to realize return on investment

49
Q

The staggered BOD in ebay was subject to __

A

BJR

50
Q

The staggered BOD in ebay was not preclusive because __

A

agreed upon consequence of ebay competing

51
Q

The rational business purpose behind the staggered BOD was to __

A

to prevent confidential corporate info from being freely shared with a competitor

52
Q

The dilutive stock issue in ebay was subject to ___

A

entire fairness (self-dealing)

53
Q

Okabi held that the parent ___

A

controlled the subsidiary so much that parent should be liable

54
Q

Okapbi held that if there is control then ___

A

duty of care

55
Q

Okabi relied on agency principles that the principal is liable for agent’s actions in tort when ___

A

agent under control of principal and carrying out principal’s orders

56
Q

Okabi found that RDS and its Nigerian subsidiary are ___

A

functionally only one business and the parent establishes the entire security framework

57
Q

Under 122(8), SHs can now ___

A

K over BOD nominations and have pre-approval rights before decisions

58
Q

What were the Vidanta factors that informed Okabi

A

(must have one)
- full takeover of management
- parent de facto advice/safety devices that are defective
- groupwide policies and active steps to implement measures
- parent holds out that they are in control

59
Q

Okabi doesn’t use ___ and instead uses ___

A

piercing the veil, duty of care in agent-principal

60
Q

Pistor thinks that if limited liability was ended __

A

corps would figure out how to price it

61
Q
A