Creativity

Question 1

Neural network theory

Answer 1

• theories have been applied to a diverse field (perception, problem solving…)

It tries to explain how mental proccesses could be explained by neuronlike components

Question 2

creative idea

Answer 2

combination of old and new, maximised by knowledge of wide variety of things, applying ideas from other disciplines

-> novely and useful

Question 3

the four stages of a creative idea

Answer 3

(1) Preparation: first confrontation with the problem and intensive work on it (ideas are learned and manipulated)
(2) Incubation: set the problem aside when no progress was made and then during incubation, a solution would suddenly pop up in one’s head (insight)
(3) Illumination: moment when insight is reached (end of incubation)
(4) Verification:putting the idea into its final form

Question 4

common sense and some facts (theory of creativity)

Answer 4

• creativity showns and inverted U shape with the peak being around 25 to 35
• creative idea often involved taking ideas from one discipline and applying them to another
• there is a correleatin bw intelligence and creativity ( only up to an Iq of 120)

Question 5

blind variation

Answer 5

suggestion that creativity occurs purely by chance / random variation

Question 6

combination creativity

Answer 6

produce unfamiliar combination of familiar things, this is most difficult for AIS

Question 7

Defocussed Attention, Associative Hierarchies, Primary Process Thinking

Answer 7

all three are creativity theories that propose that creativity is linked to less focused attention, to primary process thinking ( free associative thinking) to little lateral inhibition and to low arousal -> annealing

Question 8

Explorational creativity

Answer 8

exploring a conceptual space (defined and constraint by rules) to find its limits and potentials -> new ideas

Question 9

Global minimum

Answer 9

slution with the least energy, perfect solution at the point of knowledge

Question 10

oasis problem

Answer 10

the region of pay off is hard to leave, hard to swith angle

Question 11

selective retention

Answer 11

creativity can arise when there is a weak connection between two concepts that can be strengthend leading to cretaive insight -> hebb learning

Question 12

simulated annealing

Answer 12

to reach global erngy minimum, start with high temperature (defocused attention) and gradually lower it ( more focused) -> gradient descent

Question 13

transformational creativity

Answer 13

altering the conceptual space by its rules and dimensions for new ideas can be done by genetic algorithms