Creation of Fascist Dictatorship

Question 1

how many deputies were fascist

Answer 1

32 out of 535

Question 2

‘National Government’

Answer 2

consisted predominantly of right wing groups

Question 3

Mussolini’s cabinet

Answer 3

4 fascists
4 liberals
2 PPI
1 nationalist
General Diaz

Question 4

Fascist Grand Council

Answer 4

Dec 1922
Acted as a committee where leading Fascists would meet to discuss political issues

Question 5

MSVN

Answer 5

Jan 1923
consisted of 300,000 black shirts
Meant Mussolini could exert his power more than over the squads

Question 6

Growth in PNF membership Oct 1922-Dec 1923

Answer 6

300,000 to 783,000

Question 7

Nationalists merged w/ PNF

Answer 7

Feb 1923

Question 8

Acerbo Law

Answer 8

Passed in July 1923
Got rid of PR
Party that gained most votes would be allocated 2/3 of seats if they got > 25%
Remaining 1/3 allocated by PR

Question 9

Support for Acerbo Law

Answer 9

Supported by Fascists and Liberals as they thought it would end political instability
Law was passed by 235 for and 139 against

Question 10

Fascist coalition w/ right wing liberals in 1924 elections

Answer 10

66%

Question 11

Number of fascist MPs in parliament increase

Answer 11

32 to 374

Question 12

Communist, socialist and opposition party vote

Answer 12

2.5 million votes

Question 13

Matteotti crisis

Answer 13

1924
Leader of PSU called for the elections to be annulled
11 days after was kidnapped and stabbed to death by fascists
Mussolini denied involvement

Question 14

Aventine Succession

Answer 14

July 1924
Opposition parties walked out of Chamber of Deputies
Hoped king would dismiss Mussolini

Question 15

Consequences of Aventine Succession

Answer 15

Press censorship introduced in July 1924
All meetings by opposition political groups banned in Aug 1924

Question 16

Mussolini announces his dictatorship

Answer 16

3rd Jan 1925

Question 17

All journalists required to have their names on a central office register

Answer 17

After Dec 1925

Question 18

Mussolini banned all other political parties

Answer 18

Dec 1925

Question 19

Freedom of association banned

Answer 19

25th Nov 1926

Question 20

Mussolini gained power to pass laws by personal decree

Answer 20

Jan 1926

Question 21

1925 constitutional amendments

Answer 21

PNF centralised
Trade Unions abolished and replaced w/ Fascist corporations
Press censorship tightened
Mussolini was answerable to king, not parliament

Question 22

1926 constitutional amendments

Answer 22

Elected mayors replaced w/ Podestas appointment by Mussolini
All other political parties banned
Purge of civil service and judiciary
Special tribunal for political crimes

Question 23

1927 constitutional amendments

Answer 23

Establishment of OVRA