Creation and Cosmos

Question 1

Define Cosmogony

Answer 1

stories about how the world began and came to be the place it is today

Question 2

Early cosmogonies provide mythical stories, involving divine ___________, instead of ___________ theories

Answer 2

personifications, theories

Question 3

If ancient cosmogonies do not begin with creation ex nihilo (out of nothing), how then do they begin?

Answer 3

They begin be presenting an ancient matter, often personified forms of earth, sky and water, from which the world took shape.

Question 4

Mythical patterns of the idea of ________ and the idea if__________ are essential to the way that human beings imagine themselves and their place in the world.

Answer 4

Decline, progress

Question 5

In trying to imagine the whole world, ancient peoples tended to see their own place as the _________.

Answer 5

center

Question 6

What is theomachy?

Answer 6

Battle of the gods

Question 7

Cosmogonies tend to classify the world in a _______ structure.

Answer 7

hierarchal

Question 8

Why is the sun more important in Egyptian cosmogonies whereas water is more important in Mesopotamian cosmogonies?

Answer 8

The sun is closely linked with god in Egypt and the water is where all thing originate and return in Mesopotamia

Question 9

What does the greek word for poetry, poesis mean?

Answer 9

Making

Question 10

Who is Aten?

Answer 10

The sun god

Question 11

Who is Akhenaten?

Answer 11

King Amenhotep IV

Question 12

How long was Akhenaten successful in promoting the cult of Aten and neglecting the old pantheon with numerous gods?

Answer 12

A decade or two

Question 13

What does Enuma Elish mean?

Answer 13

“When on high”

Question 14

Dates for this poem range from the 18th century to the _______ century

Answer 14

12th

Question 15

Is Enuma Elish based on even earlier cosmogonies

Answer 15

Yes, from Sumerian, Old Akkadian and West Semitic Cultures

Question 16

Who is Tiamat?

Answer 16

A primeval female sea monster

Question 17

Who is Marduk?

Answer 17

the Babylonian god

Question 18

Who is Apsu?

Answer 18

the personification of the fresh water ocean

Question 19

According to Enuma Elish, the world was fashioned from whose body?

Answer 19

Tiamat’s

Question 20

From whose blood are the first humans created out of?

Answer 20

Qingu

Question 21

What does theogony mean?

Answer 21

the birth of the gods

Question 22

The Theogony tells us of how the Olympian gods, ruled by Zeus, emerged out of the earlier ___________.

Answer 22

Generations

Question 23

Works and Days is a poem that combines mythical stories with injunctions about how to __________________.

Answer 23

live, work, farm, and sail

Question 24

The philosophers before Socrates seemed to focus upon the ________ structure of matter whereas philosophers after Socrates seemed to concentrate above all upon _____________

Answer 24

Physical, ethics

Question 25

Thales suggested that the single underlying substance of all was ______

Answer 25

water

Question 26

Heraclitus suggested that _______ is the fundamental principle of the universe

Answer 26

change

Question 27

Empedocles suggested that the world works by a combination of ________ and ________

Answer 27

love, strife

Question 28

Anaxagoras suggested that the parts of the universe are in a constant process of ________ and _________

Answer 28

separation, mixture

Question 29

The Greek “atomists” suggested that the basic building blocks of matter are not fire, water, air or earth but __________ and ___________ space.

Answer 29

atoms, empty

Question 30

The pre-Socratic speculators themselves seem often to have thought their new views were perfectly compatible with the old _________ ideas about how the universe was made.

Answer 30

RELIGOUS

Question 31

Thales said that the world was made of water; but he also said, “Everything is full of _______.”

Answer 31

gods

Question 32

The only surviving work of an Epicurean Roman poet is:

Answer 32

“On the Nature of Things” by Lucretius

Question 33

Epicurean philosophy emphasized what as the primary goal of human life?

Answer 33

Tranquility and peace

Question 34

According to Epicurean philosophy what are the main sources of human anxiety?

Answer 34

False beliefs about the origins of nature and false fears about the gods

Question 35

Were the Epicureans atheists?

Answer 35

No, they deny god played a role in creation

Question 36

What is one of the most challenging aspects of Lucretius’s work?

Answer 36

the interplay between the scientific and the poetic, and the materialistic and mythological