Creating data collection systems Flashcards
What information should be included on indivdual data sheets
Personal details and descriptive info.
Observation boxes
Record of the name of the reliability checker
What information should be included in relation to the recording procedure
Behaviourial defintions
Agreed by 2 independant observers that the behaviour has occured
The recording method which should include instructions on how to score the behaviour
What information should be provided in regards to the recording method?
How to score the behaviour
e.g. time sampling, whole interval or first occurence
Observers are clear about the procedure
Can determine if it is feasilbe to carry out the procedure
List the steps necessary to train observers
Meeting the observers prior to any actual oberservations taking place
Show DVDs etc of the behaviour which is to be observed
Practise session for recording and coding if necessary
Adjust coding if necessary and tackle differences
Carryout reliabilty checks through mock oberservations
What is the percentage reliabilty considered acceptable in training
90%
What is the recommended miniumum guidance of
30% is a miniumum guideline for the frequency of reliabilty checks
List he factors that influence observer reliabilty
Knowledge of the reliability check
Oberserver drift
Observer bias
Observer influence
Define oberserver drift
Observers gradually begin to modify the orginal code
Describe observer bias
Observers respond to some other variable other than behaviour
Describe oberver influence
The prescence of the observer can influence participants normal behaviour.
What od reliabilty checks assist a researcher ensure
Ensure that differences in behaviour are not due to changes in
definitions
Observer bias
Measurement error
Able to report data as percent of agreement
Describe indirect measurement
When what you actually measure is in some way different from what you drawing conclusions about.
Describe direct measurement
When what you are measuring is exactly the same as what you are drawing conclusions about
Give an example of an indirect measurement
Completing a questionnaire
Give an example of a direct measurement
Direct observation
What considerations need to be taken into account when using automatic recording systems
How easy is it going to be to measure the target behaviour
How accurate is the recording going to be
Messy conditions are best suited
Do u need addtional information then humans would be best
Describe a complete observation
An ongoing observation which records whenever a target behaviour occurs
Produces a complete record of behaviour
Describe an incomplete observation
When an observation is scheduled in some way that it may not detect all target behaviours
Define continous observation
Obsercation procedures that are designed to detect every target response occuring during an observation period
Define discontinous observation
Oberservation procedure in whcih not all target responses are necessarily detected or recorded
Define momentary time sampling
ONly happens in the moment
Records the prescence or abscence of a behavour at a moment at which interval ends
What problems are associated with partial interval recording
Only records if the response happens once in an a interval all further responses are ingnored
Thereofre does not record all responses
What is the problem with whole interval recording
It only records the behaviour as having occured if it occurs for the whole duration of the observation period
What problems are associated with raring scales
The time interval that they represent e.g. whole day, whole week
Tend to include broad behaviour categories
Self administered so specfic training is provided
Interobserver agreement is hard to achieve due to board categories
Inherent subjectivity of scale values
No way to access accuracy of data
waht are the 3 requirements for setting up an oberservation system
Identify changes that invariably accompany target rersponses
Determine how changes can be detected by equipment
Establish procedures to be sure the equipment is working as intended - CALIBRATION
Define measurement reactivity
When a particpant’s behaviour is any way influenced by measurement procedures
