Creating a command economy 1936-39 Flashcards
What is a command economy?
where the state, not business or agriculture decides what + how much to produce
When was the first 4 year plan?
1933-36
What was the aims of the first 4 year plan?
- be self-sufficient
- end unemployment
- setting up RAD
- big building projects
- agriculture (Darre + Hindenburg)
- debt (Schacht)
What was the situation in 1936?
high foreign debts because of:
- raw material imports for rearmament
- work creation
When was the second 4 year plan?
1936-39
What was the aims of the second 4 year plan?
- preparing for war
- autarky
- goering in charge + had control of all businesses + agri production
What were Goering’s 6 departments in the second 4 year plan office?
raw material production
agricultural production
distribution
labour
prices
foreign exchange matters
What was Germany lacking in + what was done about it?
raw materials
so, replaced with manufactured synthetic replacements
Give an example of a manufactured synthetic replacement
Buna
= rubber replacement
Was Buna a success?
NO
- had to build new factories
- not as rapid as hoped bc new processes
- also technical difficulties bc new
How many tonnes of coal were needed to produce one tonne of synthetic fuel?
6 tonnes of coal = 1 tonne synthetic fuel
What was the synthetic fuel prioritised over + why?
prioritised over heating homes + industry
bc synthetic fuel was essential to military transport
2nd 4 year plan target output of Buna vs. actual?
(in thousands of tonnes)
Target - 120
1936 - 0.7
1938 - 5
1942 - 96
2nd 4 year plan target output of Oil incl. synthetic petrol vs. actual?
(in thousands of tonnes)
Target - 13,830
1936 - 1,790
1938 - 2,340
1942 - 6,260
2nd 4 year plan target output of Explosives vs. actual?
(in thousands of tonnes)
Target - 223
1936 - 18
1938 - 45
1942 - 300
2nd 4 year plan target output of Steel vs. actual?
(in thousands of tonnes)
Target - 24,500
1936 - 19,216
1938 - 22,656
1942 - 20,480
2nd 4 year plan target output of Iron ore vs. actual?
(in thousands of tonnes)
Target - 5,549
1936 - 2,255
1938 - 3,360
1942 - 4,137
2nd 4 year plan target output of Coal vs. actual?
(in thousands of tonnes)
Target - 213,000
1936 - 319,782
1938 - 381,171
1942 - 411,977
What was the Guns or Butter debate?
Germany had a constant shortage of rearmament and food, fuel and other necessities
basically needed to choose whether to make more guns or more necessities
What was Hitler’s private vs. public opinion on guns or butter?
Public - rearmament is the most important concern
Private - vital for Nazi state to have support of the people, needed people to be fed to be supportive + Nazi’s popular
Why was a food shortage so bad?
