creatine kinase Flashcards
what is a myocardial infarct?
death of heart muscle cells
why do cells die in a myocardial infarct?
lack of oxygen
why is there a lack of oxygen to cells when they die in a myocardial infarct?
blockage of cardiac arteries
why do cells die without oxygen?
end point of the process of ATP production - requires oxygen to accept electrons
if oxygen is not supplied, less ATP is produced
ion balance of cells is lost and cell death occurs
what are the risk factors for the early development of atherosclerosis?
smoking
unhealthy, high-fat diet
lack of exercise
being overweight or obese
regularly drinking excessive amounts of alcohol
other conditions, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes
family history of atherosclerosis and CVD
being of south Asian, African or African-Caribbean descent
how can creatine kinase (as well as other proteins) be used as an indirect indicator of cell death?
cell contents released when the cell is dying
proteins (such as CK, lactate dehydrogenase) that should be held inside cells against concentration gradients appear in the serum
increased levels of CK in blood indicates cell death
where is creatine kinase normally present?
all cells at very low cells
high concentrations in metabolically
where is creatine kinase normally present?
all cells at very low cells
high concentrations in metabolically active cells - brain, heart and skeletal muscle
where is creatine kinase normally present?
all cells at very low cells
high concentrations in metabolically active cells - brain, heart and skeletal muscle
what is creatine phosphate?
energy store
