Crap

Question 1

A laboratory apparatus that is a sealed glass tube with an electrode on either end; When connected to a direct current electrical source with high voltage, a beam of electrons flows from the negative electrode to the positive anode. This is the experiment J.J. Thomson conducted to discover the electron.

Answer 1

cathode ray tube

Question 2

The experiment where alpha particles were deflected by a thin layer of metal; This is the experiment Ernest Rutherford conducted to discover the dense, positively-charged nucleus.

Answer 2

gold foil experiment

Question 3

The experiment where a mist was ionized and then suspended in mid air by charged plates; This is the experiment Robert Millikan conducted to discover the charge, and subsequently the mass, or an electron.

Answer 3

oil drop experiment

Question 4

The emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium; Examples include electromagnetic and nuclear.

Answer 4

Radiation

Question 5

The largest form of nuclear radiation; It consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. It has a mass of 4 and a charge of +2. It is the form of radiation that is most strongly absorbed. It is essentially the nucleus of a helium atom.

Answer 5

alpha radiation

Question 6

An atom of an element that differs only in the number of neutrons and mass number; The specific version of an atom is indicated by the element’s name followed by a dash and then the mass number. Carbon-14 (pronounced “carbon fourteen”) is an example. Hydrogen-1 (1H), hydrogen-2 (2H), and hydrogen-3 (3H) are all forms of hydrogen.

Answer 6

Isotope

Question 7

This form of radiation consists of 1 electron. It has a mass of 0 and a charge of -1. It is the form of radiation that is moderately absorbed. It is ejected from the nucleus when a neutron decays into a proton.

Answer 7

Beta radiation

Question 8

The form of radiation that travels at the speed of light in a vacuum; It consists of an electric field and a magnetic field. Examples include radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-rays, and gamma radiation.

Answer 8

electromagnetic radiation

Question 9

This form of electromagnetic radiation has the highest amount of energy and the shortest wavelength. It can be thought of as a wave or a photon particle. It has a mass of 0 and a charge of 0. It is the form of radiation that is least absorbed and it often accompanies the other forms of nuclear radiation.

Answer 9

gamma radiation

Question 10

This high-energy form of radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum, between ultraviolet light and gamma rays.

Answer 10

x-rays

Question 11

This high-energy form of radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum, between visible violet light and x-rays.

Answer 11

ultraviolet radiation

Question 12

This low-energy form of radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum, between visible red light and microwaves. It can be experienced as heat.

Answer 12

infrared radiation

Question 13

This low-energy form of radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum, between infrared radiation and radio waves

Answer 13

Microwave radiation

Question 14

This form of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest amount of energy and the longest wavelength.

Answer 14

Radio waves

Question 15

The various forms of electromagnetic radiation ordered by wavelength, frequency, and energy

Answer 15

electromagnetic spectrum

Question 16

A measure of the number of waves that pass a given reference point in a certain amount of time; One wave per second is more commonly referred to as 1 Hertz (1Hz).

Answer 16

frequency

Question 17

A measure of the distance between the same two points on successive waves; This is usually measured from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next wave. When measuring the electromagnetic spectrum, the most common units are nanometers (nm).

Answer 17

wavelength

Question 18

A mathematical wave function that defines the region around the nucleus where an electron can probably be found; There are four ground-state sublevels (shapes)- s, p, d, and f.

Answer 18

orbital

Question 19

A mathematical wave function that defines the region around the nucleus where an electron can probably be found; This sublevel consists of 5 orbitals (shapes)- four of them look like a daisy with 4 petals and one of them looks like it is a dumbbell with a hula hoop around the middle.

Answer 19

d orbital

Question 20

The number that identifies each element; This numbers refers to the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus. In chemical symbol notation, this number is written in the lower, left corner of the symbol (#X).

Answer 20

atomic number

Question 21

The average mass of an element’s various isotopes; Since the isotopes have a different relative abundance, it is a weighted average. This mass is printed on the periodic table and has units of atomic mass units (amu) or grams per mole (g/mol).

Answer 21

atomic mass

Question 22

A mathematical wave function that defines the region around the nucleus where an electron can probably be found; This sublevel consists of 7 orbitals (shapes)- four of them look like fancy flowers with 8 petals and three of them look like dumbbells with two hula hoops around the middle.

Answer 22

f orbital

Question 23

An elementary particle from the lepton family; It has a negligible mass (9.11x10-28­g) compared to other subatomic particles, and it has a charge of -1. It is the particle that “orbits” the nucleus, but it is more accurate to think of this particle as a standing wave with regions of high probability (orbitals) and regions of low probability (nodes).

Answer 23

electron

Question 24

The arrangement of numbers and letters signifying the locations of an atom’s electrons from low energy to high energy. The coefficient signifies the principle energy level. The letter signifies the shape of the sublevel (orbital). The exponent signifies the number of electrons in that sublevel.

Answer 24

electron configuration

Question 25

A measure of the amount of time it takes for half of a sample to decay

Answer 25

Half-life