Crannies

Question 1

Cranial Nerve V sensory function

Answer 1

TRIGEMINAL
anterior 2/3 of the tongue, teeth, gums, hard & soft palate, lips, cheeks, floor of mouth and jaw.
IMPORTANT FOR ORAL PREPARATION

Question 2

Cranial Nerve V motor function

Answer 2

TRIGEMINAL
Muscles of MASTICATION (– important for ORAL PREP / chewing).
Suprahyoid muscle group (mylohyoid & anterior belly of digastric – assists hyolaryngeal excursion).
Tensor veli palatini (soft palate – stretches soft palate & assists velopharyngeal seal.)

Question 3

Cranial Nerve VII sensory function

Answer 3

FACIAL
Special visceral sensation from TASTEBUDS (anterior 2/3 tongue) – provides important SENSORY INFO for the swallow; contributes to flavour.

Question 4

Cranial Nerve VII motor function

Answer 4

FACIAL
Muscles of FACIAL EXPRESSION (Important for oral preparation & amp; containment of the bolus. Also important for the pressure system LIP SEAL).
SUPRAHYOID muscle group (stylohyoid – assists hyolaryngeal excursion.)
POSTERIOR belly of digastric (muscle that elevates hyoid bone)
SALIVARY GLANDS (saliva production important for oral preparation, taste & oral hygiene)

Question 5

Cranial Nerve IX sensory function

Answer 5

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
Special TASTE sensation (posterior 1/3 tongue ‐ provides important sensory information for the swallow; contributes to flavour.)
General somatic sensation from posterior 1/3 of tongue, soft palate / faucial arches (Important for TRIGGERING the REFLEXIVE, pharyngeal SWALLOW.)
GAG sensation

Question 6

Cranial Nerve IX motor function

Answer 6

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
Secretomotor to parotid gland (SALIVA PRODUCTION important for ORAL PREP, taste & amp; oral hygiene.)
Stylopharyngeus (elevates the pharynx and larynx.)

Question 7

Cranial Nerve X sensory function

Answer 7

VAGUS
GENERAL sensation from EPIGLOTTIS, laryngopharynx, larynx & oesophagus (including the VALLECULAE / pyriform sinus recesses) ‐ Important for DETECTING pharyngeal RESIDUE or penetration / aspiration. Also plays a role in TRIGGERING the REFLEXIVE swallow.

Question 8

Cranial Nerve X motor function

Answer 8

VAGUS
Muscles of pharynx* – shorten & narrow the pharynx, important for pharyngeal clearance via peristalsis‐like movements.
Intrinsic muscles of the larynx – Important for AIRWAY PROTECTION / closure of the glottis.
Cricopharyngeus / UES – Releases or activates tonic contraction. HYOLARYNGEAL excursion critical to achieve maximal UES opening.
Muscles of soft palate* – important for VELOPHARYNGEAL SEAL, which prevents nasal regurgitation & aids the pressure system.
Oesophagus (peristaltic wave).

Question 9

Cranial Nerve XI motor function

Answer 9

ACCESSORY

Muscles of HEAD & NECK – important for head & neck control during swallowing.

Question 10

Cranial Nerve XII motor function

Answer 10

HYPOGLOSSAL
Intrinsic tongue muscles – important for CHANGING the SHAPE of tongue for oral PREPARATION & oral TRANSIT.
Extrinsic muscles of tongue– important for oral preparation & MANIPULATION of the BOLUS; oral CONTAINMENT (glossopalatal seal, fluids); oral transit (drop push); & pharyngeal propulsion via BOT to PPW approximation).
Suprahyoid muscle group– Assists HYOLARNYGEAL excursion