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Neuro > Cranium Anatomy > Flashcards

Cranium Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What passes through the optic canal?

A

CN II (optic nerve)

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2
Q

What is the function of the optic nerve?

A

carries visual information from the retina of the eye back to the brain (allowing for vision)

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3
Q

What passes through the superior orbital fissure?

A 
CN III (occulomotor)
CN IV (trochlear)
CN V1 (branch of the trigeminal)
CN VI (abducens)
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4
Q

Which of the nerves that pass though the superior orbital fissure control the orbital muscles that move the eyeand constrict the pupil?

A 
CN III (occulomotor)
CN IV (trochlear)
CN VI (abducens)
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5
Q

What is the role of the V1 branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A

transmits information from the ipsilateral forehead and scalp to the brainstem

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6
Q

What passes through the foramen ovale?

A

V3 of the trigeminal nerve (mandibular branch)

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7
Q

What passes through the foramen spinosum?

A

middle meningeal artery

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8
Q

How does the internal carotid artery enter the cranial vault?

A

carotid foramen–> through a bony canal–> carotid canal

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9
Q

Does the internal carotid artery pass through the foramen lacerum?

A

NO (it is flocked by CT)

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10
Q

What passes through the internal auditory meatus?

A

Cranial nerve VII (facial)

Cranial Nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear)

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11
Q

How does the CN VII (facial nerve) exit the calvaria?

A

stylomastoid foramen

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12
Q

How does the CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve) exit the cranial vault?

A

external auditory meatus

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13
Q

What exits the skull via the jugular foramen?

A 
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
CN X (vagus)
CN XI (accessory)
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14
Q

Where do the spinal branches of the accessory nerve (CN XI) enter the cranium?

A

foramen magnum

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15
Q

What exits the calvarium via the hypoglossal canal?

A

CN XII (hypoglossal)

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16
Q

What bony prominences in the skull can rub against and injure the brain with rapid acceleration or deceleration?

A

lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

petrous ridge of the temporal bone

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17
Q

What do the external carotid arteries supply?

A

face, scalp and meninges overlying hte brain

18
Q

How do the internal carotid arteries enter the cranial vault?

A

ascend and travel through the carotid canal and enter along with the cavernous sinus

19
Q

What occurs as soon as the internal carotid artery is in the cranial vault?

A

it makes a hairpin turn backwards and splits into the MCA and ACA (middle and anterior cerebral arteries)

20
Q

What arteries branch off near the apex of the hairpin turn of the internal carotid and are considered to be their first branches?

A

opthalmic arteries

21
Q

What is the origin of the vertebral arteries?

A

right and left subclavian arteries

22
Q

Through what do the vertebral arteries enter the cranial vault?

A

foramen magnum

23
Q

Where do the two vertebral arteries join?

A

at the junction of the medulla and pons

24
Q

What is the artery called that is formed when the vertebral arteries join at the junction of the medulla and pons?

A

basillar artery

25
Q

What connects the internal carotid artery to the posterior cerebral arteries in the circle of Willis?

A

posterior communicating arteries

26
Q

What do the anterior communicating arteries connect in the circle of Willis?

A

anterior cerebral arteries

27
Q

To what vessels do the anterior cerebral arteries attach to to complete the circle?

A

the internal carotid arteries

28
Q

What are the Medial and lateral lenticulostriate arteries?

A

tiny branchings of the middle cerebral artery

29
Q

From what artery does the middle cerebral artery arise?

A

internal carotid artery

30
Q

From what artery do the superior cerebellar arteries arise?

A

first major arteries from the basillar artery

31
Q

From what artery do the pontine branches arise?

A

Basillar artery

32
Q

From what artery does the anterior inferior cerebellar artery arise?

A

Basilar

33
Q

From what artery does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery arise?

A

Vertebral artery

34
Q

What does the opthalmic artery serve?

A

orbit

35
Q

What do the middle cerebral arteries supply?

A

lateral surface of the cortex
Basal Ganglia
Internal Capsule

36
Q

What do the anterior cerebral arteries supply?

A

medial surface of frontal and parietal lobes

37
Q

What doe the posterior cerebral arteries supply?

A

medial surface of temporal and occipital lobes

Thalamus (midbrain)

38
Q

What does the basilar artery supply?

A

pons

39
Q

What do the vertebral arteries supply?

A

lateral caudal medulla

40
Q

What does the anterior spinal artery supply?

A

paramedian medulla

anterior 2/3 of spinal cord

41
Q

What do the posterior spinal arteries supply?

A

posterior columns of medulla

posterior 1/3 of spinal cord

Neuro (10 decks)

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