Cranium 2

Question 1

Cranium terdiri dari berapa tulang

Answer 1

Cranium terdiri dari 22 tulang:
• 8 tulang cranial
• 13 tulang facial
• Mandibula

Question 2

Sutura yang menghubungkan os parietal dan struktur yang terdapat disana

Answer 2

Cranium terdiri dari 22 tulang:
• 8 tulang cranial
• 13 tulang facial
• Mandibula

Question 3

Sutura yang menghubungkan os occipitale dan struktur yang terdapat disana

Answer 3

Didapatkan
Sutura lambdoidea (antara os parietale &
occipitale)
Linea nuchae suprema, superior dan inferior
Protuberantia occipitalis externa
Foramen magnum (dilalui oleh medulla spinalis)
Condylus occipitale (berartikulasi dengan Vertebra
Cervicalis 1) dan canalis condyloidea di
posteriornya
Tuberculum pharyngeum (atap pharyng)
Di basis cranii interna didapatkan:
Protuberantia occipitalis interna, ke
arah kanan dan kiri ~ sulcus
transversus ~ sulcus zygmoideus ~
foramen jugulare
Di lateral foramen magnum ~ canalis
nervi hypoglossi

Question 4

Struktur pada os temporalis

Answer 4

Temporal bones—at sides of cranium (lower area
where ear openings are found)
– Squamosal suture (between temporal & parietal
bone)
– External auditory/acoustic meatus (ear canal in
temporal bone)
– Mandibular fossae (articulate with mandible)
– Mastoid process (attaches to neck muscles; a
spongy bone that projects from the temporal)
– Styloid process (anchors muscles, tongue &
pharynx)
– Zygomatic process (projects anteriorly and joins
with the temporal process of the zygomatic bone
to help form the cheek)

Question 5

struktur pada os sphenoidalis

Answer 5

Sphenoid bone—winged bone at anterior floor of
cranium
• Sella turcica —saddle shaped depression
that houses pituitary gland
• Sphenoid sinuses

Question 6

struktur os ethmoidale

Answer 6

Ethmoid bone—in front of sphenoid
• Cribiform plates (hold it together)
• Perpendicular plate (goes downward into
nasal cavity & forms nasal septum)
• Superior & middle nasal conchae —
coils/folds of bone that project inward into
nasal cavity
• Ethmoidal sinuses
• Crista galli —projects into cranial cavity;
upward attachment for membranes around
the brain
• Note: the inferior nasal conchae—
considered part of facial skeleton; they
increase surface area in the nasal cavity

Question 7

tulang maxilla membentuk

Answer 7

The maxillae (maxillary bones) form:
• The upper jaw
• Hard palate
• Formed anteriorly by the fusing of the palatine processes &
posteriorly by the palatine bones)
• Floor of the orbits
• Sides of the nasal cavity
• House the upper teeth
• Alveolar process –inferior part of each maxillary bone
projects downward, holds upper teeth)
• Maxillary sinuses (largest sinuses in skull)

Question 8

os palatina

Answer 8

Palatine bones: L-shaped bones located
behind maxillae; form the floor of the
nasal cavity & posterior part of hard
palate

Question 9

os zygomaticus

Answer 9

Zygomatic bones: make up cheekbones;
join with the temporal bones to form the
zygomatic arches

Question 10

os lacrimale

Answer 10

Lacrimal bones: form part of the medial

walls of the orbits

Question 11

os nasale

Answer 11

Nasal bones: form bridge of nose

Question 12

os vomer

Answer 12

Vomer bone: makes up lower part of nasal

septum

Question 13

inferior nasal conchae

Answer 13

fragile scroll shaped
bones that support mucous membranes within
the nasal cavity

Question 14

Mandibula dan strukturnya

Answer 14

Mandible (aka lower jawbone): supports lower
teeth
• Includes mandibular condyle
• Coronoid process (anterior projection of
mandible)
• Alveolar arch