cranium Flashcards
How many bones are in the cranium?
8
what are the bones in the cranium?
-Frontal (1)
-Pariental ( 2)
-Occipital (1)
-Temporal (2)
-Sphenoid (1)
-Ethmoid( 1)
What does the FRONTAL BONE form?
-It forms the forehead, superior part or the orbit, and the floor of the anterior ( front ) cranial fossa
What is the SUPRAORBIT FOREMEN ( NOTCH ) and what bone is it apart of ?
-It’s an opening above each orbit allowing blood vessels and nerves to pass, and it’s apart of the Frontal Bone.
What does the PARIENTAL BONE form?
- It forms superior ( top) and lateral (side) aspects of the skull.
What does the TEMPORAL BONES form ?
-It forms the inferolateral ( below and the the side or each side) aspects of the skull and contributes to the middle cranial fossa; each has squamous, tympanic, and petrous parts
What is the SQUAMOUS PART, and what bone is it apart of ?
-Its located inferior ( below or away) to the squamous suture. It is apart of the Temporal Bone.
*Note: these two markings, zygomatic process and mandibular fossa are located in this part.
What is the ZYGOMATIC PROCESS, and what bone is it apart of ?
- It is a bridge like propjection that articulates with the zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch . This marking is apart of the Temporal Bone.
What is the MANDIBULAR FOSSA , and what bone is it apart of?
- Its located on the inferior ( below or Away ) surface of the zygomatic process ; receives the condylar process of the mandible to form the temporomandible joint . It’s apart of the Temporal Bone
What is the TYMPANIC PART, and what bone is it apart of ?
- It surrounds the external ear opening. These two markings are located in this part, external acoustic meatus, and styloid process. This marking is apart of the temporal bone.
What is the EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS, and what bone is it apart of ?
-Its a canal that leads to the middle ear and eardrum. It is also apart of the temporal bone.
What is the STYLOID PROCESS, and what bone is it apart of ?
-It’s a needle-like projection that serves as an attachment point for ligaments and muscles of the neck. Its apart of the Temporal Bone.
What is the PETROUS PART, and what bone is it apart of ?
- It forms a bony wedge between the Sphenoid and Occipital bones and contributes to the cranial base. It’s apart of the Temporal Bone.
What is the JUGULAR FORAMEN, and what bone is it apart of ?
- It’s located where the petrous part of the temporal bone joines the occipital bone. Forms an opening which the internal jugular vein, and cranial nerves IX, X, and XI pass. Apart of the Temporal Bone
What is the CAROTID CANAL, and what bone is it apart of ?
-It’s an opening through which the internal carotid artery passes into the cranial cavity. It’s apart of the Temporal Bone.
What is the MASTOID PROCESS, and what bone is it apart of ?
- Its located posterior (back) to the external acoustic meatus; serves as an attachment point for neck muscles. It’s apart of the Temporal bone
What does the OCCIPITAL BONE form?
-It forms the posterior (back) aspect and most of the base of ther skull.
-What is the FORAMEN MAGNUM, and what bone is it apart of?
- It’s the large opening in the base of the bone, which allows the spinal cord to join with the brain stem. It’s also apart of the Occipital Bone.
What is the OCCIPITAL CONDYLES, and what bone is it apart of ?
- Its rounded projections lateral (to the side) to the forman magnum, that articulates with the first cervical vertebra. It’s apart of the occipital.
What is the EXTERNAL OCCIPITAL PROTUBERANCE, and what bone is it apart of?
-Its the midline prominence posterior to the foramen magnum. It’s apart of the Occipital Bone.
What does the SPHENOID BONE form?
- It’s a batshaped bone that is described as the keystone bone of the cranium because it articulates with all other bones.
What is the GREATER WINGS, and what bone is it apart of ?
- It projects laterally ( side) from the sphenoid body, forming parts of the middle cranial fossa and the orbits. It’s apart of the Sphenoid
What is the PTERYGOID PROCESSES, and what bone is it apart of ?
-It projects inferiorly (below or away) from the GREATER wings; attachment site for chewing muscles. It’s apart of the Sphenoid
What is the SELLA TURICA, and what bone is it apart of ?
-It’s “ Turkish saddle”, located on the superior (upper or toward) surface of the body; the seat of the saddle, called the hypophyseal fossa, holds the pituitary gland. It;s apart of the Sphenoid bone
What is the LESSER WINGS, and what bone is it apart of?
- It forms part of the floor of the anterior (front) cranial fossa and part of the orbit. It’s apart of the Sphenoid bone.
What is the FORAMEN ROTUNDUM, and what bone is it apart of ?
- It’s an opening located in the medial part of the greater wing; a branch of the cranial nerves V ( mandibular division) passes through. It’s also apart of the Sphenoid Bone
What is the FORAMEN OVALE, and what bone is it apart of ?
- It is an opening located posterolateral ( back & to the side) to the foramen rotundum; a branch of cranial nerve V ( mandibular division) passes through. It’s apart of the Sphenoid Bone
What is the FORAMEN SPINOSUM and what bone is it apart of ?
-It’s an opening located posterolateral to the foramen ovale; provides passageway for the middle meningeal artery. It’s apart of the sphenoid.
What does the ETHMOID BONE form?
-It contributes to the anterior (front) cranial fossa; it forms the part of the nasal septum and the nasal cavity; contributes to the medial wall of the orbit.
What is the CRISTA GALLI and what bone is it apart of ?
- It’s the “roosters comb”; a superior (toward or upper) projection that attaches t the dura mater, helping to secure the brain within the skull. Its apart of the ethmoid bone
What is the CRIBRIFORM PLATES and what bone is it apart of ?
- it’s located lateral ( side) to the crista galli; form a portion of the roof of the nasal cavity and the floor of the anterior( front) cranial fossa. It’s apart of the Ethmoid bone
What is the PERPENDICULAR PLATE and what bone is it apart of ?
- It’s inferior ( below or away) projection that forms the superior (upper or toward ) portion of the nasal septum. It’s apart of the Ethmoid bone.
What is the SUPERIOR AND MIDDLE NASAL CONCHAE, and what bone is it apart of?
-It extend medially ( toward the middle) from the lateral (side)masses ; act as turbinates to improve airflow through the nasal cavity. It’s apart of the Ethmoid bone.
