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LRA 225 > Cranium > Flashcards

Cranium Flashcards

1
Q

The Glabella is located on the _______ cranial bone

A

Frontal

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2
Q

Which of the following bones is part of the floor of the cranium? (Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital)

A

Temporal

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3
Q

The widest portion of the cranium is found at the level of the?

A

Parietal tubercles

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4
Q

Which of the following cranial bones does not articulate with the parietal bone? (Occipital, sphenoid, frontal)

A

All of the above articulate with the parietal bone

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5
Q

Which cranial bone contains the cribriform plate?

A

ethmoid

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6
Q

The ethmoid notch is part of which cranial bone?

A

Frontal

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7
Q

How many cranial bones are there?

A

8

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8
Q

The frontal, L parietal, R parietal, and occipital make up?

A

The calvarium (skullcap)

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9
Q

The R temporal, L temporal, Sphenoid, and ethmoid make up?

A

The floor

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10
Q

Smooth, raised prominence between the eyebrows just above the bridge of the nose?

A

Glabella

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11
Q

Slight depression above each eyebrow?

A

SOG (Supraorbital groove)

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12
Q

Highest level of the facial bone mass?

A

Orbital Plate

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13
Q

Superior rim of each orbit

A

Supraorbital margin (SOM)

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14
Q

Small hole or opening within the SOM

A

Supraorbital notch

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15
Q

Frontal Bone articulates with __ cranial bones?

A

4 R/L parietals, sphenoid, ethmoid

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16
Q

Parietal Bones articulates with __ cranial bones?

A

5 Frontal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and opposite parietal bones

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17
Q

Large opening at the base of the occipital bone which the spinal cord passes?

A

Foramen magnum

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18
Q

Occipital bone articulates with ___ bones?

A

6 R/L parietal, 2 temporal, sphenoid, Atlas (cervical vertebra)

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19
Q

Which bone houses the delicate organs of hearing and balance?

A

Temporal Bone

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20
Q

Houses the organs of hearing, equilibrium and mastoid cells

A

petrous portion

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21
Q

Petrous ridge of these pyramids corresponds to the level of this important external landmark

A

TEA (top of ear attachment)

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22
Q

Temporal bone articulates with ___ cranial bones

A

3 parietal, occipital, sphenoid

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23
Q

Central depression that looks like a saddle from the side

A

Sella turcica

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24
Q

The sella turcica(located in Sphenoid) partially surrounds and protects this major gland?

A

pituitary gland

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25
Q

Slightly depressed area forms a base of support for the pons (brainstem)

A

clivus

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26
Q

Articulates with the 7 other cranial bones

A

Sphenoid

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27
Q

Articulates with 2 cranial bones (frontal, sphenoid)

A

Ethmoid

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28
Q

Articulations or joints of the cranium are called

A

Sutures (fibrous joints)

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28
Q

Articulations or joints of the cranium are called

A

Sutures (fibrous joints)

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29
Q

Suture that separates the frontal and 2 parietal bones

A

Coronal

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30
Q

Suture that separates the parietal bones

A

sagittal

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31
Q

Suture that separates the parietal and occipital bones

A

Lambdoidal

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32
Q

Suture that separate the parietal and temporal bones

A

Squasmosal

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33
Q

Anterior end of sagittal suture

A

Bregma

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34
Q

Posterior end of the sagittal suture

A

Lambda

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35
Q

Points at the junction of the frontal, parietals, temporals, and the greater wings of the sphenoid

A

Pterions

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36
Q

Points posterior to the ear where the squamosal and lambdoidal sutures meet

A

Asterion

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37
Q

___ fontanels occur in infants

A

6

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38
Q

3 divisions of the ear

A

external, middle, and internal

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39
Q

Is the small liplike structure located anterior to the EAM that acts as a partial shield to the ear opening

A

Tragus

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40
Q

The three main parts of the middle ear

A

tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles, and the tympanic cavity

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41
Q

The opening between the epitympanic recess and the mastoid portion of the temporal bone

A

Aditus

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42
Q

There are ___ facial bones

A

14

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43
Q

2 Unpaired facial bones

A

Vomer,mandible

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44
Q

Largest immovable bones of the face

A

Maxillary

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45
Q

4 processes of the facial bone

A

frontal, zygomatic, alveolar, palatine

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46
Q

Each maxilla articulates with two cranial bones (frontal and ethmoid) and with ______ facial bones

A

7 (zygoma, lacrimal, nasal, palatine, inferior nasal concha, vomer, and adjacent maxilla)

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47
Q

Each zygoma articulates with three cranial bones (frontal, sphenoid, and temporal) and with ___ facial bone

A

1 Maxilla

48
Q

Thinnest and most fragile bones in the entire body

A

Lacrimal and Nasal

49
Q

Lacrimal, derived from a word meaning

A

Tear

50
Q

The point of junction of the two nasal bones with the frontal bone is a surface landmark called the

A

Nasion

51
Q

Each lacrimal bone articulates with two cranial bones (frontal and ethmoid) and with ___ facial bones

A

two facial bones (maxilla and inferior nasal concha).

52
Q

Each nasal bone articulates with two cranial bones (frontal and ethmoid) and with ___facial bones

A

two facial bones (maxilla and adjacent nasal bone)

53
Q

What are three pairs of nasal conchae

A

Superior, Middle, Inferior

54
Q

Each inferior nasal concha articulates with one cranial bone (ethmoid) and with ___ facial bones

A

three facial bones (maxilla, lacrimal, and palatine).

55
Q

Each palatine articulates with two cranial bones (sphenoid and ethmoid) and ____ facial bones

A

four facial bones (maxilla, inferior nasal conchae, vomer, and adjacent palatine)

56
Q

Two bones form the bony nasal septum

A

Ethmoid, Vomer

57
Q

The surfaces of the _____ are marked by small, furrow-like depressions for blood vessels, a source of nosebleed with trauma to the nasal area.

A

Vomer

58
Q

The vomer articulates with two cranial bones (sphenoid and ethmoid) and with ____ facial bones

A

4 Facial bones (right and left palatine bones and right and left maxillae).

59
Q

The largest facial bone is the lower jaw, is the only movable bone in the adult skull.

A

Mandible

60
Q

The horseshoe shape of the mandible is well visualized on a

A

submentovertical (SMV) projection

61
Q

The ___, the only movable joint in the skull

A

TMJ

62
Q

The complex TMJ is classified as a ____ joint type

A

synovial type

63
Q

These sinuses are divided into four groups, according to the bones that contain them

A

Maxillary, Frontal, Ethmoid ,Sphenoid

64
Q

Only the _______sinuses are part of the facial bone structure.

A

Maxillary

65
Q

The paranasal sinuses begin to develop in the fetus, but only the ________ sinuses exhibit a definite cavity at birth

A

Maxillary

66
Q

The _____and _____sinuses begin to be visible on radiographs at age 6 or 7.

A

Frontal and Sphenoid

67
Q

The ____sinuses develop last

A

Ethmoid

68
Q

___ the paranasal sinus cavities communicate with one another and with the nasal cavity

A

All

69
Q

Radiographic positioning of the paranasal sinuses should be accomplished with the patient in the ___ position, if possible, to delineate any possible air-fluid levels.

A

Erect

70
Q

the _____ sinuses are rarely symmetric

A

Frontal

71
Q

Air-fluid level may provide evidence that the patient has a basal skull fracture and that either blood or cerebrospinal fluid is leaking through the fracture into the

A

sphenoid sinuses

72
Q

The large maxillary sinus drains through the _____ down through the middle nasal meatus into the inferior nasal meatus.

A

infundibulum passageway

73
Q

Each orbit is composed of parts of ___ bones

A

7

74
Q

______ ____ are disruptions in the continuity of bones of the skull

A

Skull fractures

75
Q

fractures of the skull that may appear as jagged or irregular lucent lines

A

Linear fractures

76
Q

___________ ______sometimes called ping-pong fractures, use tangential view for angle

A

Depression Fracture

77
Q

_____ ______ are fractures through the dense inner structures of the temporal bone.

A

Basal Fractures

78
Q

_______ are new and abnormal growths

A

Neoplasms

79
Q

______ are primary malignant neoplasms that spread to distant sites via blood and the lymphatic system

A

Metastases

80
Q

_____ ______ is a condition in which one or more bone tumors originate in the bone marrow

A

Multiple Myeloma

81
Q

Radiographic images may demonstrate enlargement of the sella turcica and erosion of the dorsum sellae, often as an incidental finding.

A

Pituitary adenomas

82
Q

a “cotton-wool” appearance with irregular areas of increased density (sclerosis) shows the reparative stage

A

Paget Disease

83
Q

a bacterial infection of the mastoid process that can destroy the inner part of the mastoid process. It often results from middle ear infections

A

Acute Mastoiditis

84
Q

is a benign, cystic mass or tumor that is most common in the middle ear

A

Cholesteatoma

85
Q

A ____ is a growth that arises from a mucous membrane and projects into a cavity (sinus). It may cause chronic sinusitis

A

Polyp

86
Q

is a break in the structure of a bone caused by a direct or indirect force.

A

Fracture

87
Q

fracture of the floor of the orbit caused by an object striking the eyes straight

A

Blowout Fracture

88
Q

is caused by a blow to the cheek, resulting in fracture of the zygoma in three places—orbital process, maxillary process, and arch

A

Tripod Fracture

89
Q

fractures are severe bilateral horizontal fractures of the maxillae that may result in an unstable detached fragment

A

Le fort

90
Q

is a fracture to one side of a structure that is caused by an impact on the opposite side

A

Contrecoup fracture

91
Q

eye refers to metal or other types of fragments in the eye, a relatively common industrial mishap

A

Foreign Body

92
Q

is a localized infection of bone or bone marrow

A

Osteomyelitis

93
Q

is an infection of the sinus mucosa that may be acute or chronic.

A

Sinusitis

94
Q

an infection of the bone and marrow secondary to sinusitis, results in erosion of the bony margins of the sinus.

A

Secondary osteomyelitis

95
Q

describes a set of symptoms, which may include pain and clicking

A

TMJ Syndrome

96
Q

The shape of the average head

A

mesocephalic

97
Q

A short, broad head

A

brachycephalic “Big head”

98
Q

Narrow Head

A

dolichocephalic

99
Q

A long, narrow, dolichocephalic head requires slightly more than __° of rotation, and a short, broad, brachycephalic type requires less than __°.

A

15,15

100
Q

The ________ _____ is the ridge or arch of bone that extends across the forehead directly above each eye.

A

superciliary ridge (arch)

101
Q

midline point at the junction of the upper lip and the nasal septum

A

Acanthion

102
Q

The midpoint of this triangular area of the chin as it appears from the front is termed the _____ ____

A

Mental Point

103
Q

Is a frequently used positioning line that is located between the outer canthus (midlateral orbital margin) and EAM

A

OML

104
Q

An average difference of _° to _° exists between the angles of the OML and IOML

A

7,8

105
Q

is the most prominent point of the external occipital protuberance.

A

Inion

106
Q

are two very common positioning errors

A

Rotation and Tilt

107
Q

The term ___ refers to the bones that surround the brain

A

Cranium

108
Q

The______ _____ are also called the antra of Highmore.

A

maxillary sinuses

109
Q

Which 3 cranial bones articulate with the zygomatic bone?

A

Frontal, Sphenoid, temporal

110
Q

The posterior aspect of the orbit is termed the

A

Apex

111
Q

How many facial bones make up the bony orbit

A

4

112
Q

What are the ethmoid sinuses located within the ethmoid bone?

A

Lateral masses

113
Q

Passageway drains the maxillary sinus into the middle nasal conchae

A

infundibulum

114
Q

Point of union between both halves of the mandible is termed

A

symphysis menti

115
Q

Primary joint movement occurs with the TMJ

A

bicondylar

116
Q

Upper and lower teeth are embedded in the

A

alveolar processes

117
Q

Positioning line is parallel to the IR for the oblique inferosuperior (tangential) projection of the zygomatic arches

A

Infraorbitomental

LRA 225 (1 decks)

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