Cranium Flashcards
1
Q
The Glabella is located on the _______ cranial bone
A
Frontal
2
Q
Which of the following bones is part of the floor of the cranium? (Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital)
A
Temporal
3
Q
The widest portion of the cranium is found at the level of the?
A
Parietal tubercles
4
Q
Which of the following cranial bones does not articulate with the parietal bone? (Occipital, sphenoid, frontal)
A
All of the above articulate with the parietal bone
5
Q
Which cranial bone contains the cribriform plate?
A
ethmoid
6
Q
The ethmoid notch is part of which cranial bone?
A
Frontal
7
Q
How many cranial bones are there?
A
8
8
Q
The frontal, L parietal, R parietal, and occipital make up?
A
The calvarium (skullcap)
9
Q
The R temporal, L temporal, Sphenoid, and ethmoid make up?
A
The floor
10
Q
Smooth, raised prominence between the eyebrows just above the bridge of the nose?
A
Glabella
11
Q
Slight depression above each eyebrow?
A
SOG (Supraorbital groove)
12
Q
Highest level of the facial bone mass?
A
Orbital Plate
13
Q
Superior rim of each orbit
A
Supraorbital margin (SOM)
14
Q
Small hole or opening within the SOM
A
Supraorbital notch
15
Q
Frontal Bone articulates with __ cranial bones?
A
4 R/L parietals, sphenoid, ethmoid
16
Q
Parietal Bones articulates with __ cranial bones?
A
5 Frontal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and opposite parietal bones
17
Q
Large opening at the base of the occipital bone which the spinal cord passes?
A
Foramen magnum
18
Q
Occipital bone articulates with ___ bones?
A
6 R/L parietal, 2 temporal, sphenoid, Atlas (cervical vertebra)
19
Q
Which bone houses the delicate organs of hearing and balance?
A
Temporal Bone
20
Q
Houses the organs of hearing, equilibrium and mastoid cells
A
petrous portion
21
Q
Petrous ridge of these pyramids corresponds to the level of this important external landmark
A
TEA (top of ear attachment)
22
Q
Temporal bone articulates with ___ cranial bones
A
3 parietal, occipital, sphenoid
23
Q
Central depression that looks like a saddle from the side
A
Sella turcica
24
Q
The sella turcica(located in Sphenoid) partially surrounds and protects this major gland?
A
pituitary gland
25
Slightly depressed area forms a base of support for the pons (brainstem)
clivus
26
Articulates with the 7 other cranial bones
Sphenoid
27
Articulates with 2 cranial bones (frontal, sphenoid)
Ethmoid
28
Articulations or joints of the cranium are called
Sutures (fibrous joints)
28
Articulations or joints of the cranium are called
Sutures (fibrous joints)
29
Suture that separates the frontal and 2 parietal bones
Coronal
30
Suture that separates the parietal bones
sagittal
31
Suture that separates the parietal and occipital bones
Lambdoidal
32
Suture that separate the parietal and temporal bones
Squasmosal
33
Anterior end of sagittal suture
Bregma
34
Posterior end of the sagittal suture
Lambda
35
Points at the junction of the frontal, parietals, temporals, and the greater wings of the sphenoid
Pterions
36
Points posterior to the ear where the squamosal and lambdoidal sutures meet
Asterion
37
___ fontanels occur in infants
6
38
3 divisions of the ear
external, middle, and internal
39
Is the small liplike structure located anterior to the EAM that acts as a partial shield to the ear opening
Tragus
40
The three main parts of the middle ear
tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles, and the tympanic cavity
41
The opening between the epitympanic recess and the mastoid portion of the temporal bone
Aditus
42
There are ___ facial bones
14
43
2 Unpaired facial bones
Vomer,mandible
44
Largest immovable bones of the face
Maxillary
45
4 processes of the facial bone
frontal, zygomatic, alveolar, palatine
46
Each maxilla articulates with two cranial bones (frontal and ethmoid) and with ______ facial bones
7 (zygoma, lacrimal, nasal, palatine, inferior nasal concha, vomer, and adjacent maxilla)
47
Each zygoma articulates with three cranial bones (frontal, sphenoid, and temporal) and with ___ facial bone
1 Maxilla
48
Thinnest and most fragile bones in the entire body
Lacrimal and Nasal
49
Lacrimal, derived from a word meaning
Tear
50
The point of junction of the two nasal bones with the frontal bone is a surface landmark called the
Nasion
51
Each lacrimal bone articulates with two cranial bones (frontal and ethmoid) and with ___ facial bones
two facial bones (maxilla and inferior nasal concha).
52
Each nasal bone articulates with two cranial bones (frontal and ethmoid) and with ___facial bones
two facial bones (maxilla and adjacent nasal bone)
53
What are three pairs of nasal conchae
Superior, Middle, Inferior
54
Each inferior nasal concha articulates with one cranial bone (ethmoid) and with ___ facial bones
three facial bones (maxilla, lacrimal, and palatine).
55
Each palatine articulates with two cranial bones (sphenoid and ethmoid) and ____ facial bones
four facial bones (maxilla, inferior nasal conchae, vomer, and adjacent palatine)
56
Two bones form the bony nasal septum
Ethmoid, Vomer
57
The surfaces of the _____ are marked by small, furrow-like depressions for blood vessels, a source of nosebleed with trauma to the nasal area.
Vomer
58
The vomer articulates with two cranial bones (sphenoid and ethmoid) and with ____ facial bones
4 Facial bones (right and left palatine bones and right and left maxillae).
59
The largest facial bone is the lower jaw, is the only movable bone in the adult skull.
Mandible
60
The horseshoe shape of the mandible is well visualized on a
submentovertical (SMV) projection
61
The ___, the only movable joint in the skull
TMJ
62
The complex TMJ is classified as a ____ joint type
synovial type
63
These sinuses are divided into four groups, according to the bones that contain them
Maxillary, Frontal, Ethmoid ,Sphenoid
64
Only the _______sinuses are part of the facial bone structure.
Maxillary
65
The paranasal sinuses begin to develop in the fetus, but only the ________ sinuses exhibit a definite cavity at birth
Maxillary
66
The _____and _____sinuses begin to be visible on radiographs at age 6 or 7.
Frontal and Sphenoid
67
The ____sinuses develop last
Ethmoid
68
___ the paranasal sinus cavities communicate with one another and with the nasal cavity
All
69
Radiographic positioning of the paranasal sinuses should be accomplished with the patient in the ___ position, if possible, to delineate any possible air-fluid levels.
Erect
70
the _____ sinuses are rarely symmetric
Frontal
71
Air-fluid level may provide evidence that the patient has a basal skull fracture and that either blood or cerebrospinal fluid is leaking through the fracture into the
sphenoid sinuses
72
The large maxillary sinus drains through the _____ down through the middle nasal meatus into the inferior nasal meatus.
infundibulum passageway
73
Each orbit is composed of parts of ___ bones
7
74
______ ____ are disruptions in the continuity of bones of the skull
Skull fractures
75
fractures of the skull that may appear as jagged or irregular lucent lines
Linear fractures
76
___________ ______sometimes called ping-pong fractures, use tangential view for angle
Depression Fracture
77
_____ ______ are fractures through the dense inner structures of the temporal bone.
Basal Fractures
78
_______ are new and abnormal growths
Neoplasms
79
______ are primary malignant neoplasms that spread to distant sites via blood and the lymphatic system
Metastases
80
_____ ______ is a condition in which one or more bone tumors originate in the bone marrow
Multiple Myeloma
81
Radiographic images may demonstrate enlargement of the sella turcica and erosion of the dorsum sellae, often as an incidental finding.
Pituitary adenomas
82
a “cotton-wool” appearance with irregular areas of increased density (sclerosis) shows the reparative stage
Paget Disease
83
a bacterial infection of the mastoid process that can destroy the inner part of the mastoid process. It often results from middle ear infections
Acute Mastoiditis
84
is a benign, cystic mass or tumor that is most common in the middle ear
Cholesteatoma
85
A ____ is a growth that arises from a mucous membrane and projects into a cavity (sinus). It may cause chronic sinusitis
Polyp
86
is a break in the structure of a bone caused by a direct or indirect force.
Fracture
87
fracture of the floor of the orbit caused by an object striking the eyes straight
Blowout Fracture
88
is caused by a blow to the cheek, resulting in fracture of the zygoma in three places—orbital process, maxillary process, and arch
Tripod Fracture
89
fractures are severe bilateral horizontal fractures of the maxillae that may result in an unstable detached fragment
Le fort
90
is a fracture to one side of a structure that is caused by an impact on the opposite side
Contrecoup fracture
91
eye refers to metal or other types of fragments in the eye, a relatively common industrial mishap
Foreign Body
92
is a localized infection of bone or bone marrow
Osteomyelitis
93
is an infection of the sinus mucosa that may be acute or chronic.
Sinusitis
94
an infection of the bone and marrow secondary to sinusitis, results in erosion of the bony margins of the sinus.
Secondary osteomyelitis
95
describes a set of symptoms, which may include pain and clicking
TMJ Syndrome
96
The shape of the average head
mesocephalic
97
A short, broad head
brachycephalic "Big head"
98
Narrow Head
dolichocephalic
99
A long, narrow, dolichocephalic head requires slightly more than __° of rotation, and a short, broad, brachycephalic type requires less than __°.
15,15
100
The ________ _____ is the ridge or arch of bone that extends across the forehead directly above each eye.
superciliary ridge (arch)
101
midline point at the junction of the upper lip and the nasal septum
Acanthion
102
The midpoint of this triangular area of the chin as it appears from the front is termed the _____ ____
Mental Point
103
Is a frequently used positioning line that is located between the outer canthus (midlateral orbital margin) and EAM
OML
104
An average difference of _° to _° exists between the angles of the OML and IOML
7,8
105
is the most prominent point of the external occipital protuberance.
Inion
106
are two very common positioning errors
Rotation and Tilt
107
The term ___ refers to the bones that surround the brain
Cranium
108
The______ _____ are also called the antra of Highmore.
maxillary sinuses
109
Which 3 cranial bones articulate with the zygomatic bone?
Frontal, Sphenoid, temporal
110
The posterior aspect of the orbit is termed the
Apex
111
How many facial bones make up the bony orbit
4
112
What are the ethmoid sinuses located within the ethmoid bone?
Lateral masses
113
Passageway drains the maxillary sinus into the middle nasal conchae
infundibulum
114
Point of union between both halves of the mandible is termed
symphysis menti
115
Primary joint movement occurs with the TMJ
bicondylar
116
Upper and lower teeth are embedded in the
alveolar processes
117
Positioning line is parallel to the IR for the oblique inferosuperior (tangential) projection of the zygomatic arches
Infraorbitomental
