Craniosynotosis ✅ Flashcards
What is craniosynotosis also known as?
Craniostenosis
What is craniostenosis?
Distortion of the head shape resulting from premature fusion of the skull sutures
How serious is craniostenosis?
In mild cases its effect is cosmetic, but in severe cases it may require surgical intervention
Why might severe cases of craniostenosis require surgical intervention?
Because of arrested brain growth and raised ICP
What are the type of craniostenosis?
- Sagittal synostosis
- Metopic synostosis
- Bilateral coronal synostenosis
- Unilateral coronal synostenosis
- Lambdoid synostosis
- Deformational posterior plagiocephaly
Which type of craniostensis is a mild, non-surgical problem of cosmetic concern only?
Deformational posterior plagiocephaly
What causes sagittal synostosis?
Premature closure of the sagittal suture
What abnormality in the head shape does sagittal synostosis produce?
A long narrow head shape with fullness (bossing) of the forehead
What is the head shape produced by sagittal synostosis known as?
Scaphocephaly
What causes metric synostosis?
Premature closure of the metric suture
What abnormality in the head shape does metopic synostosis produce?
Abnormal shape of forehead, which is pointed and triangular, and eyes appear to close together
What is the head shape produced by metopic synostosis called?
Trigonocephaly
What causes bilateral coronary synostosis?
Premature fusion of both coronal sutures
What abnormality in the head shape is produced by bilateral coronal synostosis?
Flat head
What is the head shape produced by bilateral coronal synostosis called?
Brachycephaly
What causes unilateral coronal stenosis?
Premature fusion of one of the coronal sutures
What abnormality in the head shape is produced by unilateral coronal synostosis?
Rotated appearance to the face with flattening of the forehead and elevation of the eye socket roof on the affected side along with rotation of the nose
What causes lambdoid synostosis?
Premature fusion of one of the lambdoid sutures
What abnormality in the head shape is produced by lambdoid synostosis?
Flattening of the back of the head. Ear and possibly forehead on the side of the flattening are displaced backward, giving the head a trapezoid shape
What is the head shape abnormality caused by lambdoid synostosis called?
Occipital plagiocephaly
How can very severe forms of craniostenosis be acquired?
Inherited as certain rare autosomal dominant disorders
Give 3 examples of inherited disorders that can cause craniostenosis
- Alport’s syndrome
- Crouzon’s syndrome
- Carpenter’s syndrome
What has happened to the incidence of position plagiocephaly?
It has increased
Why has the incidence of positional plagiocephaly increased?
Because of babies lying on their back to reduce the risk of SIDS
