Craniosynotosis ✅

Question 1

What is craniosynotosis also known as?

Answer 1

Craniostenosis

Question 2

What is craniostenosis?

Answer 2

Distortion of the head shape resulting from premature fusion of the skull sutures

Question 3

How serious is craniostenosis?

Answer 3

In mild cases its effect is cosmetic, but in severe cases it may require surgical intervention

Question 4

Why might severe cases of craniostenosis require surgical intervention?

Answer 4

Because of arrested brain growth and raised ICP

Question 5

What are the type of craniostenosis?

Answer 5

• Sagittal synostosis
• Metopic synostosis
• Bilateral coronal synostenosis
• Unilateral coronal synostenosis
• Lambdoid synostosis
• Deformational posterior plagiocephaly

Question 6

Which type of craniostensis is a mild, non-surgical problem of cosmetic concern only?

Answer 6

Deformational posterior plagiocephaly

Question 7

What causes sagittal synostosis?

Answer 7

Premature closure of the sagittal suture

Question 8

What abnormality in the head shape does sagittal synostosis produce?

Answer 8

A long narrow head shape with fullness (bossing) of the forehead

Question 9

What is the head shape produced by sagittal synostosis known as?

Answer 9

Scaphocephaly

Question 10

What causes metric synostosis?

Answer 10

Premature closure of the metric suture

Question 11

What abnormality in the head shape does metopic synostosis produce?

Answer 11

Abnormal shape of forehead, which is pointed and triangular, and eyes appear to close together

Question 12

What is the head shape produced by metopic synostosis called?

Answer 12

Trigonocephaly

Question 13

What causes bilateral coronary synostosis?

Answer 13

Premature fusion of both coronal sutures

Question 14

What abnormality in the head shape is produced by bilateral coronal synostosis?

Answer 14

Flat head

Question 15

What is the head shape produced by bilateral coronal synostosis called?

Answer 15

Brachycephaly

Question 16

What causes unilateral coronal stenosis?

Answer 16

Premature fusion of one of the coronal sutures

Question 17

What abnormality in the head shape is produced by unilateral coronal synostosis?

Answer 17

Rotated appearance to the face with flattening of the forehead and elevation of the eye socket roof on the affected side along with rotation of the nose

Question 18

What causes lambdoid synostosis?

Answer 18

Premature fusion of one of the lambdoid sutures

Question 19

What abnormality in the head shape is produced by lambdoid synostosis?

Answer 19

Flattening of the back of the head. Ear and possibly forehead on the side of the flattening are displaced backward, giving the head a trapezoid shape

Question 20

What is the head shape abnormality caused by lambdoid synostosis called?

Answer 20

Occipital plagiocephaly

Question 21

How can very severe forms of craniostenosis be acquired?

Answer 21

Inherited as certain rare autosomal dominant disorders

Question 22

Give 3 examples of inherited disorders that can cause craniostenosis

Answer 22

• Alport’s syndrome
• Crouzon’s syndrome
• Carpenter’s syndrome

Question 23

What has happened to the incidence of position plagiocephaly?

Answer 23

It has increased

Question 24

Why has the incidence of positional plagiocephaly increased?

Answer 24

Because of babies lying on their back to reduce the risk of SIDS

Question 25

What is the prognosis of position plagiocephaly?

Answer 25

Excellent

Question 26

What intervention is required in position plagiocephaly?

Answer 26

None - doesn’t not warrant investigation or intervention, only parental reassurance