Craniofacial, Head & Neck

Question 1

course of facial nerve starting a brain stem

Answer 1

brain stem -> pontomedullary junction -> transverse internal auditory meatus -> geniculate ganglion -> stylomastoid foramen -> parotid -> muscles of facial expression

Question 2

facial nerve: intratemporal branches and functions (3)

Answer 2

chordates tympani: parasympathetic, taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

stapedius n.: motor to stapedius muscle

greater petrosal nerve: parasympathetic

Question 3

facial nerve: stylomastoid foramen branches (3)

Answer 3

posterior auricular n
posterior belly of digastric n.

stylohyoid n.

Question 4

temporal regions: layers from superficial to deep and location of facial nerve (6)

Answer 4

skin
subcut
TP fascia - facial nerve within this layer
superficial layer of deep temporal fascia
deep layer of deep temporal fascia
temporalis muscle

Question 5

facial palsy: MC etiology in children

Answer 5

idiopathic (Bell’s palsy)

Question 6

Bell’s palsy associated with (3)

Answer 6

DM
pregnancy
URIs

Question 7

mobius syndrome: gist

Answer 7

congenital palsy of bilateral multiple cranial nerves, MC CN6 and CN7

MC cause of bilateral facial nerve palsy

Question 8

how long after nerve injury can it still be stimulated and what happens to the nerve after that time point

Answer 8

72 hours (still has neurotransmitters present)

after this is starts to undergo Wallerian degeneration

Question 9

after nerve injury what’s the timing of motor end plate loss

Answer 9

12-24 months post injury

Question 10

facial reanimation: gracilis m. harvested with what nerve and what is that nerve connected to

Answer 10

obturator

cross facial nerve graft or motor branch to masseter

Question 11

Bell’s palsy: % that spontaneously recover

Answer 11

85%

Question 12

facial hyperkenesis or synkinesis (eyelid closure with chewing) tx

Answer 12

botox