craniofacial growth 2 Flashcards
vault vs maxilla growth
maxilla grows more through development
largest amount of maxilla growth in what direction
vertical
cranial base angle
based on the anterior and posterior portions
Ant: complete at 6 years and post finishes from 7-12
creation of angle gamma on x and y axis in which dif gamma angles produce different facial structures
cranial base angle used as a predictor
fairly constant, can be used to predict the growth of ones facial structure
can crainial base angle be modified
no
more open angle occlusal class
likely class II
more closed angle occlusal class
class III
normocephalic cranial base angle, resulting occlusal class
130-140, class I
Sutural growth
• Bone apposition at the level of the sutures, resulting in an increase of the size of the bone.
• Cranial growth and maxillary growth in transverse plane, not seen in the mandible
CAN BE TARGETED FOR TREATMENTS
what structure blocks post expansion of the maxilla
pterygoid bases, set early in development
maxillary sutural growth responds to?
mandibular growth, will grow to accommodate the mandible
limitations to sutural growth treatments
sutures will set over time and no longer be responsive to treatment
not fully calcified, but more bridges form overtime making alterations difficult
pressure on sutures can cause
can cause deformations of cranial structure, but can also be used in orthodontics
vert vs transverse growth of the maxilla
vertical dimension increases more
more/ less control over the vertical and transverse growth of the maxilla?
more control over the vertical, changes more
stimulation of sutures as a treatment, used where potentially?
can open sutures to stimulate more bone formation/ growth potentially used at zygo-temporal suture to treat class III
maxillary suture as a growth site
responsive to what stimuli?
NOT A GROWTH CENTER
responsive to mechanical stimuli
less growth here than at a growth center which is genetically programmed
teeth eruption and maxillary growth
alteration of the vertical dimension placing pressure on the max and mandible
some transverse growth at the suture, but mainly anterior displacement with apposition of bone at tuberosities which allows the eruption of the molars
maxillary growth
until age of 7?
once eye/brain growth completed?
what direction does the maxilla move?
- Until the age of 7: mainly sutural growth
- Once the eye and brain growth completed: Bony apposition in the tuberosity area and dentoalveolar growth (displacement)
- At this stage, the maxilla is moving away from cranial base down and forward
maxilla growth must stay in contact with?
mandible to prevent malocclusions
headgear
places some pressure on the tuberosities (growth site) to slow growth and allow mandible to catch up, fix class II
Role of the tuberosity
• Once sutural growth is completed (around 10 years old), anteroposterior growth is the result of growth in the tuberosity region (growth site?)
• The anterior aspect of the maxilla is actually resorptive
allows the eruption of the molars
more commonly impacted 3rd molars/ why?
more common due to smaller facial structure/ less tuberosity apposition
vertical drift of the maxilla
due to?
impacted by?
due to genetics, functionality and environment
epigenetics may play a role offering alterations in gene expression leading to deficiencies and asymmetries
Craniofacial growth involves what growth mechanisms?
- Endochondral for the cranial base
- Intramembranous for bone augmentation
- Sutural via growth sites and mainly apposition (some remodeling)
force on teeth can stimulate?
formation of tori and exocytoci
Maxilla After 7 years of age: types of growth present? main direction of growth? growth centers? main site of growth?
- the maxillary growth is mainly vertical ( with some anterior displacement)
- Combination of sutural and intramembranous types of growth
- Growth sites not centers
- Main growth site is the tuberosity
