craniofacial growth 2

Question 1

vault vs maxilla growth

Answer 1

maxilla grows more through development

Question 2

largest amount of maxilla growth in what direction

Answer 2

vertical

Question 3

cranial base angle

Answer 3

based on the anterior and posterior portions
Ant: complete at 6 years and post finishes from 7-12
creation of angle gamma on x and y axis in which dif gamma angles produce different facial structures

Question 4

cranial base angle used as a predictor

Answer 4

fairly constant, can be used to predict the growth of ones facial structure

Question 5

can crainial base angle be modified

Answer 5

no

Question 6

more open angle occlusal class

Answer 6

likely class II

Question 7

more closed angle occlusal class

Answer 7

class III

Question 8

normocephalic cranial base angle, resulting occlusal class

Answer 8

130-140, class I

Question 9

Sutural growth

Answer 9

• Bone apposition at the level of the sutures, resulting in an increase of the size of the bone.
• Cranial growth and maxillary growth in transverse plane, not seen in the mandible
CAN BE TARGETED FOR TREATMENTS

Question 10

what structure blocks post expansion of the maxilla

Answer 10

pterygoid bases, set early in development

Question 11

maxillary sutural growth responds to?

Answer 11

mandibular growth, will grow to accommodate the mandible

Question 12

limitations to sutural growth treatments

Answer 12

sutures will set over time and no longer be responsive to treatment
not fully calcified, but more bridges form overtime making alterations difficult

Question 13

pressure on sutures can cause

Answer 13

can cause deformations of cranial structure, but can also be used in orthodontics

Question 14

vert vs transverse growth of the maxilla

Answer 14

vertical dimension increases more

Question 15

more/ less control over the vertical and transverse growth of the maxilla?

Answer 15

more control over the vertical, changes more

Question 16

stimulation of sutures as a treatment, used where potentially?

Answer 16

can open sutures to stimulate more bone formation/ growth 
potentially used at zygo-temporal suture to treat class III

Question 17

maxillary suture as a growth site

responsive to what stimuli?

Answer 17

NOT A GROWTH CENTER
responsive to mechanical stimuli
less growth here than at a growth center which is genetically programmed

Question 18

teeth eruption and maxillary growth

Answer 18

alteration of the vertical dimension placing pressure on the max and mandible
some transverse growth at the suture, but mainly anterior displacement with apposition of bone at tuberosities which allows the eruption of the molars

Question 19

maxillary growth
until age of 7?
once eye/brain growth completed?
what direction does the maxilla move?

Answer 19

• Until the age of 7: mainly sutural growth
• Once the eye and brain growth completed: Bony apposition in the tuberosity area and dentoalveolar growth (displacement)
• At this stage, the maxilla is moving away from cranial base down and forward

Question 20

maxilla growth must stay in contact with?

Answer 20

mandible to prevent malocclusions

Question 21

headgear

Answer 21

places some pressure on the tuberosities (growth site) to slow growth and allow mandible to catch up, fix class II

Question 22

Role of the tuberosity

Answer 22

• Once sutural growth is completed (around 10 years old), anteroposterior growth is the result of growth in the tuberosity region (growth site?)
• The anterior aspect of the maxilla is actually resorptive
allows the eruption of the molars

Question 23

more commonly impacted 3rd molars/ why?

Answer 23

more common due to smaller facial structure/ less tuberosity apposition

Question 24

vertical drift of the maxilla
due to?
impacted by?

Answer 24

due to genetics, functionality and environment

epigenetics may play a role offering alterations in gene expression leading to deficiencies and asymmetries

Question 25

Craniofacial growth involves what growth mechanisms?

Answer 25

• Endochondral for the cranial base
• Intramembranous for bone augmentation
• Sutural via growth sites and mainly apposition (some remodeling)

Question 26

force on teeth can stimulate?

Answer 26

formation of tori and exocytoci

Question 27

Maxilla After 7 years of age: 
types of growth present? 
main direction of growth? 
growth centers? 
main site of growth?

Answer 27

• the maxillary growth is mainly vertical ( with some anterior displacement)
• Combination of sutural and intramembranous types of growth
• Growth sites not centers
• Main growth site is the tuberosity