Craniofacial Development

Question 1

Pharyngeal arches begin development in week ____

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Face forms between weeks _______ or ____

Answer 2

weeks 5-7 or 8

Question 3

Palate formation occurs in weeks ______ to______

Answer 3

6.5-10

Question 4

T/F the skull continues to grow after birth

Answer 4

True, skull sutures do not fully close until later in life (40s or 50s)

Question 5

The bones of the skull, face, and pharynx are derived from either ______ or ______

Answer 5

neural crest cells or paraxial mesoderm

Question 6

Sphenoid is derived from _________

Answer 6

Paraxial mesoderm AND neural crest

Question 7

Neural crest cells originiate at the ______

Answer 7

neural tube

Question 8

Neural crest cells migrate out toward the _______

Answer 8

pharyngeal arches

Question 9

pharyngeal arches form components of the ______

Answer 9

face and neck

Question 10

Pharyngeal arch I is the

Answer 10

mandibular arch

Question 11

Pharyngeal arch II is the

Answer 11

hyoid arch

Question 12

Pharyngeal arch IV is a mixture of

Answer 12

IV and VI are structurally combined

Question 13

Which pharyngeal arch is lost very early in embryological development

Answer 13

arch V

Question 14

Meckel’s cartilage is derived from which arch

Answer 14

Pharyngeal arch I

Question 15

What is Meckels cartilage

Answer 15

-template for where the mandible grows AROUND it
-Malleus and Incus from Meckel’s cartilage

Question 16

What nerve is derived from pharyngeal arch 1

Answer 16

The trigeminal nerve (CN V)
-Sensory innervation for the head and neck
-motor component

Question 17

Muscles of mastication are all derived from which arch

Answer 17

Pharyngeal Arch I
-temporalis, masseter, medial/lateral pterygoids

Question 18

Tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani derive from which arch

Answer 18

pharyngeal Arch I

Question 19

Which arteries are dervived fro pharyngeal arch I

Answer 19

maxillary artery and external carotid artery

Question 20

Reichert’s cartilage is derived from which pharyngeal arch?

Answer 20

II

Question 21

What is reichert’s cartilage?

Answer 21

Paired cartilages, contributing to hyoid bone, styloid process, and ear ossicle development

Question 22

What nerve is derived from Pharyngeal Arch II

Answer 22

Facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 23

Which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch II

Answer 23

muscles of facial expression, posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid

Question 24

what artery is derived from pharyngeal Arch II

Answer 24

the hyoid and stapedial arteries

Question 25

Reichert's Cartilage gives rise to the

Answer 25

1. Stapes 2. Part of hyoid (lesser horn and upper part of the body) 3. Styloid process and stylohoid ligament

Question 26

The greater cornu and inferior part of hyoid is derived from which arch

Answer 26

Pharyngeal arch III

Question 27

What nerve is derived from pharyngeal arch III

Answer 27

the Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Question 28

What muscle is derived from pharyngeal arch III

Answer 28

the stylopharyngeus

Question 29

Which arteries are derived from pharyngeal arch III

Answer 29

The common carotid and internal carotid arteries.

Question 30

The oral part of the tongue comes from which arch

Answer 30

Arch 1 (the anterior 2/3rd)

Question 31

The pharyngeal part of the tongue comes from which arch?

Answer 31

Arch III (posterior 1/3rd)

Question 32

The root of the tongue comes from which arch?

Answer 32

Arch 4 (the eoiglottis)

Question 33

Tongue muscles originiate from ________, it develops before _______ muscles ad is completed by birth

Answer 33

Originates from somites, develops before masticatory muscles

Question 34

Development of facial prominences start at what week

Answer 34

week 4 -most key features partially developed by week 8

Question 35

Facial development is due to ________ and _______ of the facial prominces

Answer 35

Facial development is due to ENLARGEMENT AND MOVEMENT of the facial prominences

Question 36

The mandibular prominence is inferior to _____

Answer 36

the stomodeum

Question 37

The mandibular prominence gives rise to what two things

Answer 37

the mandible and lower lip

Question 38

Mandibular prominences fuse by week _____ in humans

Answer 38

week 7

Question 39

What prominence surrounds the forebrain?

Answer 39

The frontonasal prominence

Question 40

_______ prominence is superior to stomodeum

Answer 40

frontonasal

Question 41

The ______ prominence gives rise to the forehead, neurocranium, nostrils, part of the maxilla, and medial part of the upper lip

Answer 41

the frontonasal prominence

Question 42

What gives rise to medial nasal prominence and lateral nasal prominence

Answer 42

Mesenchymal proliferation

Question 43

What two prominences fuse to form the anterior palate?

Answer 43

The medical nasal prominence and maxillary prominence

Question 44

The gap between the maxillary prominence and lateral nasal prominence form the ______

Answer 44

Nasolacrimal groove

Question 45

The maxillary prominence gives rise to

Answer 45

the maxilla and palate, lateral part of the upper lip