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Dysphagia > Cranial Nerves Quiz > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What is a CN?

A

Emerges from the brain/brainstem; relays information to the head and neck

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2
Q

CNs involved in swallowing

A

Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory, hypoglossal

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3
Q

Trigeminal branches

A

V1: opthalmic (sensory)
V2: maxillary (sensory)
V3: mandibular (sensory and motor)

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4
Q

Trigeminal - sensory

A

Controls all somatosensation from the face and anterior 2/3 of the tongue

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5
Q

Trigeminal - motor

A

Controls movements for the: mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric; tensor veli palatini; 4 muscles of mastication

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6
Q

4 muscles of mastication

A

Masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoids

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7
Q

Trigeminal - role in swallowing

A

Oral containment; bolts preparation; facial sensation; oral cavity sensation; oral clearance; influences pharyngeal swallow; VP closure; hyolaryngeal movement

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8
Q

Facial nerve muscles

A

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical

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9
Q

Facial - sensory

A

Taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue

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10
Q

Facial - motor

A

Controls all motor movement for:
- face: facial expression, oral acceptance, pocketing prevention
- stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric
- submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

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11
Q

Facial - role in swallowing

A

Utensil use/clearance; oral containment; bolus prep; anterior tongue sensation; oral clearance; hyolaryngeal movement

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12
Q

Glossopharyngeal - sensory

A
  • Touch, pain, temperature, and taste for posterior 1/3 of tongue
  • somatosensation from the mucosa of the soft palate and upper pharyngeal mucosa
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13
Q

Glossopharyngeal - motor

A

Provides motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus and partook salivary gland (laryngeal elevator)

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14
Q

Glossopharyngeal - role in swallowing

A

Oropharyngeal sensation; posterior tongue sensation; pharyngeal swallow onset; bolus prep; laryngeal elevation/pharyngeal shortening

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15
Q

vagus nickname

A

The wanderer

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16
Q

A&P of the pharynx

A

Superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve

17
Q

Superior laryngeal nerve

A

Internal —> sensory above cords
External —> motor to cricothyroid muscle

18
Q

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

Sensory —> below glottis
Motor —> all other muscles of larynx

19
Q

Vagus - sensory

A

Mucous membrane at the valleculae, epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds and most of the larynx; mucous membrane below the level of the folds; special sensory taste to the epiglottis; general senesory to the soft palate, posterior tongue, lower pharynx and the UES

20
Q

Vagus - motor

A

The pharyngeal constrictors; all the muscles of the soft palate except the tensor veli palatini; salpingpharyngeus; all intrinsic laryngeal muscles; cricothyroid

21
Q

Cough reflex arc

A

Irritation of cough receptors in airways; afferent signals sent to medulla; efferent impulses related to muscles to produce cough

22
Q

Vagus - role in swallowing

A

Pharyngeal sensation; pharyngeal swallow onset; velopharyngeal closure; hyolaryngeal clearance; airway protection; esophageal clearance

23
Q

Spinal accessory - muscles

A

Trapezius and sternocleidomastoic

24
Q

Spinal accessory - motor

A

Reduced ability to turn head and reduced ability to shrug shoulders

25
Q

Spinal accessory- impact on swallowing

A

May later dysphagia management

26
Q

Hypoglossal - motor

A

All intrinsic and extrinsic muscles

27
Q

Hypoglossal - role in swallowing

A

Oral containment; bolts prep; lingual transport; oral clearance; tongue base retraction; pharyngeal clearance

28
Q

Cervical spine nerve - motor

A

Geniohyoid - the primary contributor for anterior movement of the hyoid bone

Thyrohyoid - Supra- and infra-hyoid muscles can be considered secondary muscles of mastication

29
Q

Dysarthria

A

Test diadochokinetic rate

30
Q

Apraxia

A

Ask patient to pretend to blow out match, cluck their tongue, or whistle

31
Q

Aspiration pneumonia causes

A

Inability to self-feed; dependent for oral care; number of decayed teeth; tube feeding; more than one medical diagnosis; number of medications; smoking

32
Q

3 pillars of pneumonia

A
  1. Compromised immune system
  2. The presence of aspiration
  3. Poor oral health
33
Q

Clinical swallow evaluation (CSE)

A
  1. Case history/chart review
  2. Patient observation
  3. Oromotor/CN examination
  4. Swallow trials
34
Q

CSE use

A

Determination of readiness; clinical assessment; instrumental assessment

Dysphagia (2 decks)

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