Cranial Nerves (pass medicine)

Question 1

Olfactory nerve - function

Answer 1

Smell

Question 2

Olfactory nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 2

Cribriform plate

Question 3

Optic nerve - function

Answer 3

Sight

Question 4

Optic nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 4

Optic canal

Question 5

Occulomotor nerve - function

Answer 5

Eye movement (MR, IO, SR, IR)
Pupil constriction
Accomodation
Eyelid opening

Question 6

Occulomotor nerve - clinical

Answer 6

Palsy results in
ptosis
‘down and out’ eye
dilated, fixed pupil

Question 7

Occulomotor - pathway/foramen

Answer 7

Superior orbital fissure (SOF)

Question 8

Trochlear nerve - function

Answer 8

Eye movement (SO)

Question 9

Trochlear nerve - clinical

Answer 9

Palsy results in defective downward gaze → vertical diplopia

Question 10

Trochlear nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 10

SOF

Question 11

Trigeminal nerve - function

Answer 11

Facial sensation

Mastication

Question 12

Trigeminal nerve - clinical

Answer 12

Lesions may cause:
trigeminal neuralgia
loss of corneal reflex (afferent)
loss of facial sensation
paralysis of mastication muscles
deviation of jaw to weak side

Question 13

Trigeminal nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 13

V1: SOF,
V2: Foramen rotundum,
V3: Foramen ovale

Question 14

Abducens nerve - function

Answer 14

Eye movement (LR)

Question 15

Abducens nerve - clinical

Answer 15

Palsy results in defective abduction → horizontal diplopia

Question 16

Abducens - pathway/foramen

Answer 16

SOF

Question 17

Facial nerve - function

Answer 17

Facial movement
Taste (anterior 2/3rds of tongue)
Lacrimation
Salivation

Question 18

Facial nerve - clinical

Answer 18

Lesions may result in:
flaccid paralysis of upper + lower face
loss of corneal reflex (efferent)
loss of taste
hyperacusis

Question 19

Facial nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 19

Internal auditory meatus

Question 20

Vestibulocochlear nerve - function

Answer 20

Hearing, blanace

Question 21

Vestibulocochlear nerve - clinical

Answer 21

Hearing loss
Vertigo, nystagmus
Acoustic neuromas are Schwann cell tumours of the cochlear nerve

Question 22

Vestibulocochlear nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 22

Internal auditory meauts

Question 23

Glossopharyneal nerve - function

Answer 23

Taste (posterior 1/3rd of tongue)
Salivation
Swallowing
Mediates input from carotid body & sinus

Question 24

Glossopharyngeal nerve - clinical

Answer 24

Lesions may result in;
hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex
loss of gag reflex (afferent)

Question 25

Glossopharyngeal nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 25

Jugular foramen

Question 26

Vagus nerve - function

Answer 26

Phonation Swallowing Innervates viscera

Question 27

Vagus nerve - clinical

Answer 27

Lesions may result in; uvula deviates away from site of lesion loss of gag reflex (efferent)

Question 28

Vagus nerve - pathway/forman

Answer 28

Jugular foramen

Question 29

Accessory nerve - function

Answer 29

Head and shoulder movement

Question 30

Accessory nerve - clinical

Answer 30

Lesions may result in; | weakness turning head to contralateral side

Question 31

Accessory nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 31

Jugular foramen

Question 32

Hypoglossal nerve - function

Answer 32

Tongue movement

Question 33

Hypoglossal nerve - clinical

Answer 33

Tongue deviates towards side of lesion

Question 34

Hypoglossal nerve - pathway/foramen

Answer 34

Hypoglossal canal

Question 35

Corneal reflex afferent and efferent limb

Answer 35

Afferent: ophthalmic (V1) Efferent: Facial (V2)

Question 36

Jaw jerk afferent and efferent limb

Answer 36

Afferent: Mandibular nerve (V3) Efferent: Mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 37

Gag afferent and efferent limb

Answer 37

Afferent: Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) Efferent: Vagal nerve (X)

Question 38

Carotid sinus afferent and efferent limb

Answer 38

Afferent: Glossopharyngeal (IX) Efferent: Vagal nerve (X)

Question 39

Pupillary light afferent and efferent limb

Answer 39

Afferent: Optic nerve (I) Efferent: Occulomotor (III)

Question 40

Lacrimation afferent and efferent limb

Answer 40

Afferent: Ophthalmic nerve (V1) Efferent: Facial nerve (VII)