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Neuro Test 1 > Cranial Nerves Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Olfactory (CN I)

A
  • Function: (SVA) special sense of smell
  • Location: Olfactory organ
  • Tract: Cribriform plate to olfactory bulbs
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2
Q

Anosmia

A 
Olfactory loss
• Contralateral nostril can compensate for
unilateral anosmia
• Causes: Head trauma, viral infections,
Intracranila lesions, nasal passage
obstruction
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3
Q

Optic (CN II) function

A

(SSA) special sense of

vision

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4
Q

Optic (CN II) tract

A 
• Optic nerve fibers arise from ganglion
cells in retina
• Exit the orbit via the optic canal into the
middle cranial fossa
• Most fibers terminate in lateral
geniculate bodies of thalamus
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5
Q

what is relationship of optic chiasm to pituitary?

A

right next to each other. Pituitary can compress and cause lateral vision loss in both fields (bitemporal hemainopia)

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6
Q

what is relationship of internal carotid artery to optic chiasm

A

next to each other. aneurysm can compress optic chiasm

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7
Q

CN II testing

A
  • light and dark (head injury
  • finger counting (head injury)
  • snellens test (eye chart)
  • visual field test (4 quadrants)
  • peripheral vision
  • pupillary light reflex
  • blink reflex
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8
Q

Oculomotor (CN III) function

A 
• (GSE) Motor innervation to superior,
medial, and inferior recti and inferior
oblique and levator palpebrae
superioris
• (GVE) Parasympathetic innervation
to pupil and ciliary muscle
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9
Q

Oculomotor (CN III) tract

A 
• Leaves the midbrain
• Pierces dura lateral to
diaphragma sellae
• Runs in lateral wall of
cavernous sinus
• Enters orbit via superior
orbital fissure
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10
Q

Trochlear (CN IV) function

A

Motor innervation to

superior oblique

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11
Q

Trochlear (CN IV) tract

A 
• Exits dorsal surface of
midbrain
• Pierces dura mater at the
margin of the tentorium
cerebelli
• Run in the lateral wall of
cavernous sinus
• Enters the orbit via the
superior orbital fissure
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12
Q

Abducens (CN VI) function

A

• (GSE) Motor innervation to the

lateral rectus

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13
Q

Abducens (CN VI) tract

A 
• Emerges from brainstem
between pons and medulla
• Traverses the pontine cistern
• Pierces dura covering the
clivus
• Runs in the cavernous sinus
near the ICA
• Enters orbit via superior
orbital fissure
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14
Q

which 2 nerves can be compressed by aneurysm?

A

CN III and CN VI (between 2 arteries)

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15
Q

Trigeminal (CN V) function

A

• (SVE) Motor innervation to muscles
of mastication (pharyngeal arch 1)
• (GSA) Sensory to the face and
scalp

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16
Q

Trigeminal (CN V) tract

A

• Emerges from lateral aspect of pons
• Trigeminal ganglion located in the
trigeminal cave lateral to the
cavernous sinus

*branches to 3 different divisions

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17
Q

• V1 Ophthalmic: tract

A

Passes through the
cavernous sinus and enters the orbit
via the superior orbital fissure

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18
Q

v2 maxillary tract

A

Passes through the
cavernous sinus and exits the skull
via foramen rotundum

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19
Q

v3 mandibular tract

A

Exits the skull via the

foramen ovale

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20
Q

• Ophthalmic division: CN V

A

Sensation from cornea, skin of forehead and
scalp, upper eye lid, part of nose and part of
nasal cavity

21
Q

Maxillary division: CN V

A

Sensation from skin of face, lower eyelid,
cheek, upper lip, maxillary teeth, mucosa of
nose, maxillary sinus

22
Q

Mandibular division: CN V

A

Sensation from skin of mandible, lower lip
side of head, mandibular teeth, TMJ joint,
part of oral mucosa, anterior 2/3 of tongue
• Motor to muscle of mastication

23
Q

Facial (CN VII)

• Function:• (SVE)

A

• (SVE) Motor innervation to muscles of facial expression (pharyngeal arch 2)

24
Q

Facial (CN VII)

• Function:• (GVE)

A

• (GVE) Parasympathetic innervation to lacrimal, nasal, and palatine glands,
and submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

25
Q

Facial (CN VII)

• Function:•• (SVA)

A

• (SVA) Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

26
Q

Facial (CN VII)

• Function:•• (GSA)

A

• (GSA) Sensation to eternal acoustic meatus

27
Q

Facial Nerve tract

A

Tract:
• Emerges from pontine-medullary junction
• Traverses the posterior cranial fossa and exits the skull via the internal
acoustic meatus
• Runs in the facial canal and exits via the stylomastoid foramen
• Passes through the parotid gland

28
Q

bells palsy

A
  • problem with CN VII (facial)

- test= close eye and smile

29
Q

Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII) function

A

• (SSA) Special sense of hearing and equilibrium

30
Q

Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII) tract

A

• Vestibular nerve innervates the utricle and saccule, cochlear nerve innervates
the cochlea.
• Enter skull via the internal acoustic meatus
• Enter brainstem on the pontine-medullary junction

31
Q

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) function GSA

A

Sensation from ear and external auditory canal, and posterior 1/3 of tongue

32
Q

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) tract

A 
• Emerges from medulla
• Exits cranium through jugular foramen
• Passes between the superior and middle
pharyngeal constrictors
• Enters oral cavity
33
Q

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) function GVA

A

Sensory information from oropharynx and carotid body

34
Q

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) function SVA

A

(SVA) Taste to the posterior 1/3 of tongue

35
Q

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) function GVE

A

Parasympathetics to parotid gland

36
Q

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) function SVE

A

(SVE) Motor to stylopharyngeus muscles (pharyngeal arch 3)

37
Q

what 2 nerves are tested at same time?

A

glossopharyngeal and vagus (gag reflex)

38
Q

Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia

A
  • eating and swallowing starts an intense pain

- idiopathic

39
Q

Vagus (CN X) GSA

A

Sensation from external auditory canal and dura

40
Q

Vagus (CN X) GVA

A

Sensory information from viscera, pharynx, larynx,

aortic arch, epiglottis, and base of tongue

41
Q

Vagus (CN X) SVA

A

Taste from epiglottis

42
Q

Vagus (CN X) GVE

A

Parasympathetics to viscera

43
Q

Vagus (CN X) SVE

A

Motor to constrictors of pharynx, palatine muscles, and

intrinsic muscle of larynx (pharyngeal arch 4 & 6)

44
Q

Vagus (CN X) tract

A
  • Emerges from medulla

* Exits cranium through jugular foramen

45
Q

Spinal Accessory (CN XI) function

A

• (GSE) Motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

*no sensory

46
Q

Spinal Accessory (CN XI) tract

A 
• Tract:
• Emerges from the spinal cord
• Enters the cranium through foramen
magnum
• Exits the skull through the jugular
foramen
47
Q

Hypoglossal (CN XII) GSE

A

Motor to intrinsic tongue muscles, and styloglossus,

hypoglossus and genioglossus.

48
Q

Hypoglossal (CN XII) tract

A
  • Tract:
  • Emerges from the medulla
  • Exits skull via hypoglossal canal
  • Travels with the cervical plexus
  • Crosses the occipital artery
  • Enters the oral cavity

Neuro Test 1 (4 decks)

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