cranial nerves, innervated structures, & oral-facial examination

Question 1

during OFE, examine the sensory / motor functions of cranial nerves ___ (6)

Answer 1

V, trigeminal; VII, facial; IX, glossopharyngeal; X, vagus; XI, spinal accessory; and XII, hypoglossal

Question 2

during OFE, determine the structural integrity of the ___ (5)

Answer 2

lips, jaw, tongue, hard palate, and velum

Question 3

during OFE, check the condition and ___ of the teeth, gums, and oral cavity

Answer 3

hygiene; check the presence / fit of dentures / partial plates (if applicable)

Question 4

during OFE, examine the strength, ___ (5) of the lips, ___ (4)

Answer 4

range of motion; coordination; speed of movement; direction of movement; muscle tone

lower face; tongue; jaw; velum

Question 5

during OFE, if there is presence of atrophy or fasciculations, you may hypothesize ___

Answer 5

LMN damage

Question 6

during OFE, ___ is assessed by lightly touching ___ (6) with a cotton swab

Answer 6

intra-oral sensation of the:

CN V: anterior tongue; lips; cheeks; gums; FOM
CN IX: posterior tongue

Question 7

during OFE, the ___ is elicited by stroking the soft palate

Answer 7

palatal reflex: elevation of the soft palate w/o pharyngeal wall contraction; stroking the soft palate may trigger a gag reflex

Question 8

during OFE, the ___ is elicited by stroking the left versus right faucial arches

Answer 8

gag reflex: soft palate elevation plus pharyngeal wall contraction; some normals present with a diminished / absent gag reflex

Question 9

during OFE, check for ___ (2) of voluntary cough

Answer 9

strength, presence

Question 10

during OFE, check for ___ (2) of secretions (2)

Answer 10

quality, quantity; reduced intra-oral sensation or alertness may result in pooling or drooling; dry mouth which may be secondary to meds, art, tube feeding, pts on supplemental O2 or pts on ventilation

Question 11

true or false: during OFE, make note of any signs of apraxia, dysarthria, hoarseness / hypophonia

Answer 11

true

Question 12

during OFE, differences in heart rate and O2 saturation (i.e., respiration) is important because ___

Answer 12

during feeding / swallowing, there is fatigue / stress associated with the breath holding required when swallowing

Question 13

during OFE, we check the pt’s dry swallow by ___ (2)

Answer 13

checking ability to initiate (note any delays to initiate); palpate for laryngeal elevation