Cranial Nerves and Hormones

Question 1

1

Answer 1

olfactory- smell

Question 2

2

Answer 2

Optic- vision

Question 3

3

Answer 3

Oculomotor- movement of eyelid

Question 4

4

Answer 4

Trochlear- movement of eyeball

Question 5

5

Answer 5

Trigeminal- chewing

Question 6

6

Answer 6

Abducens- movement of eyeball

Question 7

7

Answer 7

Facial- taste, tears, salivation, facial expression

Question 8

8

Answer 8

Vestibulocochlear- equilibrium and hearing

Question 9

9

Answer 9

Glossopharyngeal- taste, swallowing, speech, saliva

Question 10

10

Answer 10

Vagus- swallowing

Question 11

11

Answer 11

Accessory- movement of head and shoulders

Question 12

12

Answer 12

Hypoglossal- speech and swallowing

Question 13

growth hormone

Answer 13

Anterior pituitary gland- (targets: cartilage, bone, skeletal muscle, liver, other body tissues) Function: promotes growth of body tissues and regulates metabolism

Question 14

thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer 14

Anterior pituitary gland- (targets: thyroid gland) Function: stimulates growth of thyroid gland and secretion of its hormones

Question 15

follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 15

Anterior pituitary gland-(targets: testes and ovaries) Function: stimulates sperm production, stimulates oocyte production and estrogen secretion

Question 16

lutenizing hormone

Answer 16

Anterior pituitary gland-(targets: testes and ovaries) Function: stimulates secretion of testosterone, triggers ovulation and stimulates secretion of estrogen and progesterone

Question 17

prolactin

Answer 17

Anterior pituitary gland- (targets: mammary gland) Function: stimulates production and secretion of milk

Question 18

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 18

Anterior pituitary gland- (targets: adrenal cortex) Function: stimulates secretion of hormones by adrenal cortex

Question 19

melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Answer 19

Anterior pituitary gland- (targets: skin) Function: darkens skin pigmentation

Question 20

anti-diuretic hormone

Answer 20

Posterior pituitary gland- (targets: kidneys) Function: decreases water lost in urine by returning water to the blood

Question 21

oxytocin

Answer 21

Posterior pituitary gland- (targets: uterus and mammary glands) Function: stimulates uterine contractions and milk ejection during suckling

Question 22

thyroxine

Answer 22

Thyroid gland- (targets: most body cells) Function: increases metabolism and basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Question 23

triiodothyronine

Answer 23

Thyroid gland- (targets: most body cells) Function: increases metabolism and basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Question 24

calcitonin

Answer 24

Thyroid gland- (targets: osteoclast cells in bones) Function: decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclasts

Question 25

parathyroid hormone

Answer 25

Parathyroid glands- (targets: osteoclasts cells in bones) Function: increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts to break down bone matrix

Question 26

aldosterone

Answer 26

Adrenal cortex- (targets: kidneys) Function: decreases sodium and water loss in urine by returning sodium and water to the blood

Question 27

cortisol

Answer 27

Adrenal cortex- (targets: liver, muscle, and cells involved in body defenses) Function: increases resistance to stress, increases blood glucose levels, and decreases inflammation

Question 28

androgens

Answer 28

Adrenal cortex- (targets: uterus, mammary glands, and other body cells involved in secondary sex characteristics) Function: insignificant in males; increases sex drive in females

Question 29

epinephrine

Answer 29

Adrenal medulla- (targets: body cells involved in fight-or-flight response) Function: promotes fight-or-flight response

Question 30

norepinephrine

Answer 30

Adrenal medulla-(targets: body cells involved in fight-or-flight response) Function: promotes fight-or-flight response

Question 31

insulin

Answer 31

Pancreas- (targets: most body cells) Function: decreases blood glucose levels by transporting glucose into body cells

Question 32

glucagon

Answer 32

Pancreas- (target: liver) increases blood glucose levels by stimulating liver to break down glycogen into glucose

Question 33

estrogen

Answer 33

Ovaries- (target: uterus, mammary glands, and other body cells involved in female sexual characteristics) Function: stimulates development of female sex characteristics; helps regulate menstrual cycle

Question 34

progesterone

Answer 34

Ovaries- (target: uterus, mammary glands, and other body cells involved in female sexual characteristics) Function: stimulates development of female sex characteristics; helps regulate menstrual cycle

Question 35

testosterone

Answer 35

Testes- (target: testes, muscle, and other body cells involved in male sexual characteristics) Function: stimulates development of male sex characteristics; stimulates male sex drive; regulates sperm production

Question 36

melatonin

Answer 36

Pineal gland- (targets: brain) Function: helps to set biological clock

Question 37

thymosin

Answer 37

Thymus- (targets: T cells (type of white blood cell involved in immune response ) Function: promotes the maturation of T cells for the immune response