Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CRANIAL NERVES > CRANIAL NERVES > Flashcards

CRANIAL NERVES Flashcards

1
Q

Why are they called cranial nerves?

A

They attach directly to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12 - I-XII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the names of the first 6 cranial nerves

A 
I-Olfactory
II-Optic
III-Oculomotor
IV-Trochlear
V-Trigeminal
VI-Abducens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the names of the final 6 cranial nerves?

A 
VII-Facial
VIII-Vestibulocochlear
IX-Glossopharyngeal
X-Vagus
XI-Accessory
XII-Hypoglossal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of information do cranial nerves carry? (sensory)

A

Somatic; general sensations
Special sensations
Autonomic sensations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of information do cranial nerves carry? (Motor)

A

Somatic, for skeletal muscle
Branchial, for skeletal muscle
Autonomic, for smooth muscle and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the pneumonic to determine the functional type of the cranial nerve

A

Some Say Money Matters But My Big Brother Says Big Breasts Matter Most
S = Sensory
M = motor
B = Both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the parasympathetic nerve fibres? (autonomic)

A

Oculomotor, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the olfactory nerve?

A

To provide a sense of smell - Sits on the cribiform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How would you test for a functional olfactory nerve?

A

Ask the patient whether they have experienced any changes in their sense of smell?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the main function of the Optic nerve?

A

To provide vision - travels through the optic canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the brief visual pathway

A

Optic nerve - Optic chiasm - Optic tract - Lateral geniculate body - Optic Radiation - Primary visual cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How would you test for the Optic nerve function

A

AFRO - Acuity, Fields, Reflex and Optic Disc (fundoscopy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which eye muscles does Cranial III innervate?

A 
Superior Rectus
Inferieor Rectus
Medial Rectus
Inferior oblique
Parasympathetic to the pupil and to focus the lens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which eye muscles does Cranial nerve IV (trochlear) innervate?

A

superior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which eye muscles does Cranial nerve VI (abducens) innervate?

A

lateral rectus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe the basic anatomy of Cranial Nerve III

A

Exits midbrain - near Posterior cerebral arteries - passes alongside cavernous sinus - through superior orbital fissure -branches into two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the basic anatomy of Cranial Nerve IV

A

Exits midbrain dorsally - Passes round the front - Near posterior cerebral arteries - passes alongside cavernous sinus - through superior orbital fissure -branches into two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the basic anatomy of Cranial nerve VI

A

Exits between pons and medulla - passes from the posterior to middle cranial fossa - passes alongside cavernous sinus - through superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe what you would see with a Cranial Nerve III palsy?

A

Eye abducted (lateral rectus) looks down and rotated (superior oblique)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe what you would see with a Cranial Nerve IV palsy?

A

Double vision (rotated) when looking down (the stairs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe what you would see with a Cranial Nerve VI palsy?

A

Eye will not look laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the main function of the Trigeminal (V) cranial nerve?

A

Sensation to face and mouth

Muscle of mastication (chewing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the three branches of trigeminal nerve called

A

Opthalmic , Maxillary and Mandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Describe the anatomy of Cranial nerve V before it divides into 3

A

Exits from pons - passes directly into Meckle’s cave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Describe the anatomy of the Opthalmic branch post division of cranial nerve V

A

Passes through the superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Describe the anatomy of the Maxillary branch post division of cranial nerve V

A

goes through foramen rotundum

28
Q

Describe the anatomy of the Mandibular branch post division of cranial nerve V

A

goes through foramen ovale

29
Q

Describe the Central trigeminal pathways

A

Large nucleus midbrain to cervical cord

30
Q

What is the 3 neuron pathway for Cranial Nerve V

A

Sensory roots - trigeminal sensory nuclei - thalamus - cortex

31
Q

What are the 3 sensory nuclei of the trigeminal nerve

A

Mesencephalic (jaw jerk)
Main ( touch and position from face)
Spinal (pain and temp from face)

32
Q

How many motor nuclei does the trigeminal nerve have?

A

1

33
Q

How would you test for cranial nerve V function

A

Jaw jerk (sensory)
touch cornea ( sensory)
Open your mouth (motor)
Clench your teeth (motor)

34
Q

What Skeletal muscles does Facial nerve innervate

A

muscles of facial expression

stapedius

35
Q

What visceral motor innervation does the Facial nerve provide

A

lacrimal gland and submandibular, sublingual salivary glands (secretion)

36
Q

What special sense does the facial nerve provide?

A

Anterior 2/3 of the tongue ( taste)

37
Q

What is the difference between the innervation of the lower face and upper face

A

Contralateral innervation of lower face and bilateral innervation of the upper face

38
Q

How would you test for the motor function of Facial nerve

A

Inspect face at rest for any weakness or asymmetry

smile
raise eyebrows
puff out cheeks
frown

39
Q

How would you test for the sensory function of Facial nerve

A

Touch he lateral aspect of the tongue with cocktail stick (flavoured) and ask patient to identify taste

40
Q

What is the main role of Cranial Nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear)

A

Conducts auditory and vestibular-related impulses from organ of Corti the semicircular canals, the utricle and the saccule

41
Q

What is the function of the Vesitubular Nuclei?

A

Acceleration position

42
Q

What is the functuon of the Cochlear Nuclei

A

Hearing

43
Q

How would you test for cochlear function

A

Make a noise in one ear and whisper a number in the other and ask patient to repeat what number ( or Weber test)

44
Q

How would you test for vestibular function?

A

Stand on one leg with eyes shut

45
Q

What 3 Cranial nerves leave the brain via the Jugular foramen

A

IX , X and XI

46
Q

What is the Somatic motor function of The glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Elevate the pharynx via the stylopharyngeus muscle

47
Q

What is the visceral motor function of Cranial Nerve IX

A

Secretion via the parotid gland

48
Q

What is the somatic sensory function of CN IX

A

Somatic sensation of the skin on the external ear

49
Q

What is the visceral sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Touch, pain and temperature of the posterior third of the tongue, the pharynx and the eustachian tube and carotid sinus and body.

50
Q

what is the special sensory function for CN IX?

A

Taste of the posterior third of the tongue

51
Q

What is the somatic motor function of the Vagus Nerve?

A

Swallowing and speech and the muscles of the pharynx and larynx

52
Q

What is the Visceral motor function of the Vagus Nerve?

A

Autonomic effect on visceral organs - viscera of the thoracic and abdominal cavities

53
Q

What is the somatic sensory function for CN X?

A

Somatic sensation of the external ear

54
Q

What is the visceral sensory function of the vagus nerve?

A 
Visceral sensation of 
Pharynx
Larynx
Aortic arch and body
thoracic and abdominal viscera
55
Q

What is the special sensory function of CN X?

A

Taste - posterior pharynx and epiglottis

56
Q

How would you test for CN IX and X?

A

Observe quality of patients voice - Hoarseness and nasal voice indicate vocal cord paralysis or palate paralysis
Gag reflex indicates CN IX or X lesion

57
Q

What does the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve innervate?

A

All intrinsic muscles of the larynx apart from cricothyroid muscle (SLN)

58
Q

What muscles does CN XI innervate?

A

Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

59
Q

Where are the cell bodies of CN XI situated?

A

Ventral horn of the upper five segments of the spinal cord

60
Q

Where do the fibres of CN XI go?

A

up through the foramen magnum then exit brain through jugular foramen with CN IX and X

61
Q

How would you test for CN XI function?

A

Ask the patient to move neck left and right passively and actively ( sternocleidomastoid)

Ask the patient to shrug shoulders passively and actively (trapezius)

62
Q

What muscles does the hypoglossal nerve innervate?

A

The intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

63
Q

Where do the cell bodies of CN XII originate?

A

in the hypoglossal nucleus

lies between dorsal motor nucles of vagus and midline of medulla

64
Q

Where does CN XII leave the skull

A

hypoglossal canal

65
Q

How would you examine for Hypoglossal nerve function?

A

Ask patient to protrude the tongue - Tongue deviates to abnormal side

66
Q

What are the main symptoms of Cerebellopontine Angle syndrome

A

Progressive sensorineural hearing loss
Tinnitus
Dizziness unsteadiness

CRANIAL NERVES (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions