Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CRANIAL NERVES > CRANIAL NERVES > Flashcards

CRANIAL NERVES Flashcards

1
Q

Why are they called cranial nerves?

A

They attach directly to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12 - I-XII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the names of the first 6 cranial nerves

A 
I-Olfactory
II-Optic
III-Oculomotor
IV-Trochlear
V-Trigeminal
VI-Abducens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the names of the final 6 cranial nerves?

A 
VII-Facial
VIII-Vestibulocochlear
IX-Glossopharyngeal
X-Vagus
XI-Accessory
XII-Hypoglossal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of information do cranial nerves carry? (sensory)

A

Somatic; general sensations
Special sensations
Autonomic sensations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of information do cranial nerves carry? (Motor)

A

Somatic, for skeletal muscle
Branchial, for skeletal muscle
Autonomic, for smooth muscle and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the pneumonic to determine the functional type of the cranial nerve

A

Some Say Money Matters But My Big Brother Says Big Breasts Matter Most
S = Sensory
M = motor
B = Both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the parasympathetic nerve fibres? (autonomic)

A

Oculomotor, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the olfactory nerve?

A

To provide a sense of smell - Sits on the cribiform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How would you test for a functional olfactory nerve?

A

Ask the patient whether they have experienced any changes in their sense of smell?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the main function of the Optic nerve?

A

To provide vision - travels through the optic canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the brief visual pathway

A

Optic nerve - Optic chiasm - Optic tract - Lateral geniculate body - Optic Radiation - Primary visual cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How would you test for the Optic nerve function

A

AFRO - Acuity, Fields, Reflex and Optic Disc (fundoscopy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which eye muscles does Cranial III innervate?

A 
Superior Rectus
Inferieor Rectus
Medial Rectus
Inferior oblique
Parasympathetic to the pupil and to focus the lens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which eye muscles does Cranial nerve IV (trochlear) innervate?

A

superior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which eye muscles does Cranial nerve VI (abducens) innervate?

A

lateral rectus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe the basic anatomy of Cranial Nerve III

A

Exits midbrain - near Posterior cerebral arteries - passes alongside cavernous sinus - through superior orbital fissure -branches into two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the basic anatomy of Cranial Nerve IV

A

Exits midbrain dorsally - Passes round the front - Near posterior cerebral arteries - passes alongside cavernous sinus - through superior orbital fissure -branches into two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the basic anatomy of Cranial nerve VI

A

Exits between pons and medulla - passes from the posterior to middle cranial fossa - passes alongside cavernous sinus - through superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe what you would see with a Cranial Nerve III palsy?

A

Eye abducted (lateral rectus) looks down and rotated (superior oblique)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe what you would see with a Cranial Nerve IV palsy?

A

Double vision (rotated) when looking down (the stairs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe what you would see with a Cranial Nerve VI palsy?

A

Eye will not look laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the main function of the Trigeminal (V) cranial nerve?

A

Sensation to face and mouth

Muscle of mastication (chewing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the three branches of trigeminal nerve called

A

Opthalmic , Maxillary and Mandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Describe the anatomy of Cranial nerve V before it divides into 3
Exits from pons - passes directly into Meckle's cave
26
Describe the anatomy of the Opthalmic branch post division of cranial nerve V
Passes through the superior orbital fissure
27
Describe the anatomy of the Maxillary branch post division of cranial nerve V
goes through foramen rotundum
28
Describe the anatomy of the Mandibular branch post division of cranial nerve V
goes through foramen ovale
29
Describe the Central trigeminal pathways
Large nucleus midbrain to cervical cord
30
What is the 3 neuron pathway for Cranial Nerve V
Sensory roots - trigeminal sensory nuclei - thalamus - cortex
31
What are the 3 sensory nuclei of the trigeminal nerve
Mesencephalic (jaw jerk) Main ( touch and position from face) Spinal (pain and temp from face)
32
How many motor nuclei does the trigeminal nerve have?
1
33
How would you test for cranial nerve V function
Jaw jerk (sensory) touch cornea ( sensory) Open your mouth (motor) Clench your teeth (motor)
34
What Skeletal muscles does Facial nerve innervate
muscles of facial expression | stapedius
35
What visceral motor innervation does the Facial nerve provide
lacrimal gland and submandibular, sublingual salivary glands (secretion)
36
What special sense does the facial nerve provide?
Anterior 2/3 of the tongue ( taste)
37
What is the difference between the innervation of the lower face and upper face
Contralateral innervation of lower face and bilateral innervation of the upper face
38
How would you test for the motor function of Facial nerve
Inspect face at rest for any weakness or asymmetry smile raise eyebrows puff out cheeks frown
39
How would you test for the sensory function of Facial nerve
Touch he lateral aspect of the tongue with cocktail stick (flavoured) and ask patient to identify taste
40
What is the main role of Cranial Nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear)
Conducts auditory and vestibular-related impulses from organ of Corti the semicircular canals, the utricle and the saccule
41
What is the function of the Vesitubular Nuclei?
Acceleration position
42
What is the functuon of the Cochlear Nuclei
Hearing
43
How would you test for cochlear function
Make a noise in one ear and whisper a number in the other and ask patient to repeat what number ( or Weber test)
44
How would you test for vestibular function?
Stand on one leg with eyes shut
45
What 3 Cranial nerves leave the brain via the Jugular foramen
IX , X and XI
46
What is the Somatic motor function of The glossopharyngeal nerve?
Elevate the pharynx via the stylopharyngeus muscle
47
What is the visceral motor function of Cranial Nerve IX
Secretion via the parotid gland
48
What is the somatic sensory function of CN IX
Somatic sensation of the skin on the external ear
49
What is the visceral sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Touch, pain and temperature of the posterior third of the tongue, the pharynx and the eustachian tube and carotid sinus and body.
50
what is the special sensory function for CN IX?
Taste of the posterior third of the tongue
51
What is the somatic motor function of the Vagus Nerve?
Swallowing and speech and the muscles of the pharynx and larynx
52
What is the Visceral motor function of the Vagus Nerve?
Autonomic effect on visceral organs - viscera of the thoracic and abdominal cavities
53
What is the somatic sensory function for CN X?
Somatic sensation of the external ear
54
What is the visceral sensory function of the vagus nerve?
``` Visceral sensation of Pharynx Larynx Aortic arch and body thoracic and abdominal viscera ```
55
What is the special sensory function of CN X?
Taste - posterior pharynx and epiglottis
56
How would you test for CN IX and X?
Observe quality of patients voice - Hoarseness and nasal voice indicate vocal cord paralysis or palate paralysis Gag reflex indicates CN IX or X lesion
57
What does the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve innervate?
All intrinsic muscles of the larynx apart from cricothyroid muscle (SLN)
58
What muscles does CN XI innervate?
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
59
Where are the cell bodies of CN XI situated?
Ventral horn of the upper five segments of the spinal cord
60
Where do the fibres of CN XI go?
up through the foramen magnum then exit brain through jugular foramen with CN IX and X
61
How would you test for CN XI function?
Ask the patient to move neck left and right passively and actively ( sternocleidomastoid) Ask the patient to shrug shoulders passively and actively (trapezius)
62
What muscles does the hypoglossal nerve innervate?
The intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
63
Where do the cell bodies of CN XII originate?
in the hypoglossal nucleus | lies between dorsal motor nucles of vagus and midline of medulla
64
Where does CN XII leave the skull
hypoglossal canal
65
How would you examine for Hypoglossal nerve function?
Ask patient to protrude the tongue - Tongue deviates to abnormal side
66
What are the main symptoms of Cerebellopontine Angle syndrome
Progressive sensorineural hearing loss Tinnitus Dizziness unsteadiness

CRANIAL NERVES (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions