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Cranial Nerves > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

where does each cranial nerve exit the skull

A 
1 = cribiform plate
2 = optic canal
3 = superior orbital fissure
4 - superior orbital fissure
5 - superior orbital fissure (V1), foramen rotundum (V2), foramen ovale (V3)
6 - superior orbital fissure
7 - internal auditory meatus then stylomastoid foramen
8 - internal auditory meatus
9 - jugular foramen
10 - jugular foramen
11 - jugular foramen
12 - hypoglossal canal
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2
Q

which nerves are sensory only, motor only or sensory AND motor?

A

S, S, M, M, B, M, B, S, B, B, M, M

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3
Q

what fibres are in the olfactory nerve?

A

smell - special visceral afferent

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4
Q

what fibres are in the optic nerve?

A

visual - special sensory afferent

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5
Q

what fibres are in the oculomotor nerve?

A

motor - general somatic efferent

parasympathetic - general visceral efferent

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6
Q

what fibres are in the trochlear nerve?

A

motor - general somatic efferent

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7
Q

what fibres are in the trigeminal nerve?

A

motor (1st pharyngeal arch) - special visceral efferent

sensory - general somatic afferent

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8
Q

what fibres are in the abducens nerve?

A

motor - general somatic efferent

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9
Q

what fibres are in the facial nerve?

A

motor (2nd pharyngeal arch) - special visceral efferent
parasympathetic - general visceral efferent
sensory - special visceral afferent (taste)

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10
Q

what fibres are in the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

motor (3rd pharyngeal arch) - special visceral efferent
parasympathetic - general visceral efferent
sensory - general visceral afferent, general somatic afferent, special visceral afferent

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11
Q

what fibres are in the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

sensory - special somatic afferent

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12
Q

what fibres are in the vagus nerve?

A

motor (4th & 6th pharyngeal arch) - special visceral efferent
motor - general visceral efferent
sensory - general somatic afferent, general visceral afferent

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13
Q

what fibres are in the accessory nerve?

A

motor - general somatic afferent

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14
Q

what fibres are in the hypoglossal nerve>

A

motor - general somatic efferent

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15
Q

what nucleus do GSA fibres synapse in?

A

trigeminal (mesencephalic = proprioception, pontine = touch & pressure, spinal = pain & temp)

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16
Q

what nucleus do SSA fibres synapse in?

A

vestibulo/cochlear nuclei (hearing and balance)

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17
Q

what nucleus do GVA fibres synapse in?

A

nucleus solitarius (sensory from viscera and pharynx)

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18
Q

what nucleus do SVA fibres synapse in?

A

nucleus solitarius (rostral end) (taste and smell)

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19
Q

what nucleus to GSE fibres synapse in?

A

oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, hypoglossal (skeletal muscle)

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20
Q

what nucleus do GVE fibres synapse in?

A

parasympathetics - erdinger-westphal, superior salivatory, inferior salivatory
dorsal motor of vagus

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21
Q

what nucleus do SVE fibres synapse in?

A

trigeminal motor nucleus, facial motor nucleus, nucleus ambiguus

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22
Q

the oculomotor nuclei are level with what structure of the brainstem?

A

superior colliculi in the midbrain

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23
Q

the trochlear nuclei are level with what structure of the brainstem>

A

inferior colliculi in the midbrain

24
Q

the oculomotor and trochlear nerves run between which arteries?

A

under the posterior cerebral artery and over the superior cerebellar artery

25
Q

the preganglionic parasympathetic fibres running with the oculomotor nerve synapse at which ganglion?

A

ciliary ganglion

26
Q

the abducens nerve runs under which artery?

A

anterior inferior cerebellar artery

27
Q

name 3 branches of CN5, 1 (ophthalmic)

A

frontal, lacrimal, nasociliary

28
Q

name 3 branches of CN5, 2 (mandibular)

A

meningeal, zygomatic, infraorbital

29
Q

CN5, 2 (maxillary) picks up some fibres what which ganglion?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

30
Q

which muscles are innervated by the motor SVE fibres of CN5, 3 (mandibular)?

A

muscles of mastication, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani

31
Q

what do the GSA fibres of CN5, 1 (ophthalmic) innervate?

A

skin of superior palpebra & forehead = frontal
lacrimal gland & conjunctiva = lacrimal
cornea, ethmoid sinuses, nasal cavity and tip of the nose = nasociliary

32
Q

what do the GSA fibres of CN5, 2 (maxillary) innervate?

A

dura mater (meningeal)
skin of face and temple (zygomatic)
inferior palpebra, upper lip (infraorbital)

33
Q

what do the GS fibres of CN5,3 (mandibular) innervate?

A

skin of ear and temple (auriculotemporal)
skin of cheek (buccal)
skin of chin (mentel)
anterior 2/3 of the tongue (lingual)

34
Q

what do the muscles SVE fibres of CN7 innervate?

A

nerve to stapedius & muscles of facial expression

35
Q

what do the SVA fibres of CN7 innervate?

A

taste to anterior 2/3 of the tongue

36
Q

what do the GVE fibres of CN7 innervate?

A

submandibular and sublingual glands

37
Q

what ganglions are associated with the vestibular and cochlear nerves?

A

scarpa’s ganglion and spiral ganglion

38
Q

describe the vestibular-ocular reflex

A
  1. sensory information from the vestibular nerve into the medial vestibular nucleus
  2. information relayed to CN6 and CN3 nuclei
  3. negative feedback relayed via the paramedian pontine reticular formation to CN6
39
Q

describe the vestibular regulation of muscle tone for posture and balance

A
  1. sensory information from the vestibular nerve into the medial (to muscles of head/neck) and lateral (antigravity muscles) vestibular nucleus
  2. motor signals relayed down the vestibulospinal tract to the ventral horns
40
Q

what do the GSA fibres of CN9 innervate?

A

skin of outer ear, tympanic membrane and the auditory tube

41
Q

what do the GVA fibres of CN9 innervate?

A

carotid body chemoreceptors, carotid sinus baroreceptors, pharynx, soft palate, posterior 1/3 of tongue

42
Q

what do the GVE fibres of CN9 innervate?

A

parotid gland

43
Q

what do the SVE fibres of CN9 innervate?

A

stylopharyngeus

44
Q

what do the SVA fibres of CN9 innervate?

A

taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue

45
Q

what ganglion is associated with the SVA and GVA fibres of CN9?

A

inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion

46
Q

what ganglion is associated with the GSA fibres of CN9?

A

superior glossopharyngeal ganglion

47
Q

what ganglion is associated with the GVE fibres of CN9?

A

otic ganglion

48
Q

what do the GSA fibres of CN10 innervate?

A

skin behind the ear, skin of outer ear, tympanic cavity

49
Q

what do the SVE fibres of CN10 innervate?

A

palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, levator veli palatini, musculus uvulae, salpingppharyngeus

50
Q

what do the GVA fibres of CN10 innervate?

A

epiglottis, carotid sinus, carotid body

51
Q

what to the GVE fibres of CN10 innervate?

A

cricothyroid, cricopharyngeus, intrinsic laryngeal muscles

52
Q

what ganglion is associated with the GSA fibres of CN10?

A

superior vagus ganglion

53
Q

what ganglion is associated with the GVA fibres of CN10?

A

inferior vagus ganglion

54
Q

what do the SVA fibres of CN10 innervate?

A

taste to epiglottis

55
Q

what do the GSE fibres of CN11 innervate?

A

trapezius & SCM

56
Q

are the trapezius and SCM bilaterally or contralaterally innervated?

A 
trapezius = contralateral
SCM = bilateral

Cranial Nerves (1 decks)

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