Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Cranial Nerve I
olfactory (oh) (some)
Cranial Nerve II
optic (once) (say)
Cranial Nerve III
oculomotor (one) (marry)
Cranial Nerve IV
trochlear (takes) (money)
Cranial Nerve V
trigeminal (the) (but)
Cranial Nerve VI
abducens (anatomy) (my)
Cranial Nerve VII
facial (final) (brother)
Cranial Nerve VIII
vestibulocochlear (very) (says)
Cranial Nerve IX
glossopharyngeal (good) (big)
Cranial Nerve X
vagus (vacations) (brains)
Cranial Nerve XI
accessory (are) (matter)
Cranial Nerve XII
hypoglossal (heavenly) (most)
Every nerve exits from the brainstem except for which nerve?
CN I: olfactory
Where are the sensors of the CN I olfactory nerve?
epithelium of nasal cavity
Where are the olfactory bulbs located?
base of the brain
What is the term for damage of the olfactory nerve (loss of taste & smell)?
anosmia
CN I olfactory nerve classifier
special visceral afferent (SVA)
CN II optic nerve location
midbrain
CN I olfactory nerve location
olfactory bulb
CN II optic nerve functions
vision, sensory
CN II optic nerve classifier
special somatic afferent (SSA)
CN III oculomotor nerve location
midbrain
CN III oculomotor nerve classifier
general somatic efferent (GSE)
CN III oculomotor nerve function (GSE)
eye motion
CN III oculomotor nerve function (GVE)
reflexes (light adaptation and focus)
Damage of CN III oculomotor results in what condition?
inappropriate eye motion
CN IV trochlear nerve location
midbrain
CN IV trochlear nerve classifier
general somatic efferent (GSE)
CN IV trochlear nerve function
turns ipsilateral eye down and out
CN V trigeminal nerve location
pons
CN V trigeminal nerve classifier
general somatic afferent (GSA) & special visceral efferent (GVE) — both sensory and motor
CN V trigeminal nerve branches (3)
opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular
CN V trigeminal nerve — opthalmic branch
upper face, nose, eye, mandible
CN V trigeminal nerve — mandibular branch
mandible (main muscle of mastication)
damage to CN V trigeminal
motor: weakness on affected side (slack jaw, velopharyngeal port insufficiency); sensory: loss of feeling in all affected areas (anterior tongue, mandible, chew muscles)
CN VI abducens nerve location
pond
CN VI abducens function
innervates lateral rectus ocular muscle (side-to-side looking)
CN VII facial nerve location
pons
CN VII facial nerve SVE functions
upper face (bilateral innervation)
CN VII facial nerve GVE function
lacrimal (tears) and salivary glands
CN VII facial nerve SVA function
gustation
damage to CN VII facial nerve
articulatory function, drooping or immobility of face parts
which condition is linked to damage of the CN VII facial nerve!
Bell’s palsy
CN VIII vestibular nerve location
pons
CN VIII vestibulocochlear nerve function
acoustic branch: auditory info; vestibular branch: position & acceleration
damage to VIII vestibulocochlear nerve
acoustic branch: ipsilateral hearing loss; vestibular branch: balance disorders… causes: tumors (Schwann cell neuroma), trauma
CN IX glossopharyngeal nerve location
medulla
CN IX glossopharyngeal nerve functions
afferent: taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue; baroreceptors (pressure at carotid artery); touch, pain, temperature
efferent: salivation, motor control of stylopharyngeus, sup. constrictor, pharyngeal mm.
CN X vagus nerve location
medulla
CN X vagus nerve branches
auricular (sensory for pain from ear)
recurrent laryngeal (sensory for laryngeal mucosa, motor for intrinsic laryngeal muscles—except cricothyroid, and inferior pharyngeal constrictor)
damage to CN X vagus, pharyngeal branch
dysphagia, hypernasality, nasal regurgitation
damage to CN X vagus nerve, superior laryngeal branch
cricothyroid muscle paralysis (loss of fundamental frequency control)
damage to CN X vagus nerve, recurrent laryngeal branch
paralysis of vocal folds
CN XI accessory nerve location
medulla
CN XI accessory nerve cranial component (efferent)
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius; with X vagus, intrinsic muscle of larynx and pharynx
spinal component (afferent)
SCM and trapezius
CN XII Hypoglossal nerve location
Medulla
CN XII Hypoglossal nerve function
Innervation of the tongue: all intrinsic muscles, all extrinsic muscles except palatoglossus
damage to CN XII Hypoglossal nerve
Serious effects on articulation and speech; All intrinsic 10 muscles, nearly all extrinsic muscles
Nonspeech cranial nerves
I olfactory II optic III oculomotor IV trochlear VI abducens
speech/hearing structures
V trigeminal VII facial VIII vestibulocochlear IX glossopharyngeal X vagus XI accessory XII hypoglossal
