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INP Exam 1 > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial Nerves are

A

12 pairs of nerves that originate from the brain and brain stem instead of the spinal cord

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2
Q

What cranial nerves come from the forebrain

A

CN I and CN II

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3
Q

What cranial nerves come from the brainstem

A

CNIII-CNXII

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4
Q

What type of sensory do cranial nerves NOT DO

A

SYMPATHETIC

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5
Q

What Cranial Nerve is responsible for Olfaction?

A

CN I

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6
Q

What Cranial Nerve is responsible for Vision?

A

CN II

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7
Q

What Cranial Nerves is responsible for MOST MOVEMENT of the eye?

A

CNIII: Oculomotor

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8
Q

What Cranial Nerve is responsible for looking down and out with your eye, what muscle does it innervate?

A

CN IV:Trochlear

Innervates the Superior Oblique

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9
Q

What Cranial Nerve is responsible for looking out with the eye, what muscle does it innervate?

A

CN VI:Adducens

Innervates lateral Rectus

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10
Q

What pathway does CNI take to get to CNS?

A

Carries special sensory afferents from peripheral projections in upper nasal cavity (olfactory epithelium) through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the olfactory bulb

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11
Q

Optic nerves connect to the retina via the….

A

optic chiasm

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12
Q

Fibers from the ____ side of the retina cross over at the optic chiasm, onto the optic tract of the opposite side.

A

Medial

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13
Q

A lesion in the optic chiasm cause what disease, what is the effect?

A

bitemporal hemianopsia, no peripheral vision

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14
Q

CNIII provides somatic motor innervation to what extraocular/ extrinsic muscles?

A 
Levator Palpebrae superioris - elevates eyelid 
Superior rectus 
Inferior rectus 
Medial Rectus 
Inferior oblique
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15
Q

CNIII provides visceral motor innervation to what intraocular/ intrinsic muscles via ciliary ganglion?

A

Sphincter pupilae muscle - pupil constriction

Ciliary Muscle - accomodation (maintain focus as distance changes) of lens, when contracted assits with nearvision

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16
Q

What muscle of the eye controls pupil constriction

A

Sphincter pupilae muscle

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17
Q

what muscle of the eye controls accomodation

A

Ciliary Muscle

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18
Q

What muscle of the eye controls pupil dilation

A

Dilator pupillae, which is not controlled by a cranial nerve

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19
Q

What cranial nerve controls the major sensory of the face and motor to some skeletal muscles?

A 
Trigeminal, has 3 branches 
VI = Opthalmic (EYE)
VII- Maxillary (Cheek Bone)
VIII- Mandibular (JAW)
*all three sensory but V3 also contains somatic motor for mastication
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20
Q

What cranial nerve controls the mucles of facial expression and most of the glands in the mouth?

A

CN VII: Facial

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21
Q

CN: VII Controls…

A

Somatic motor to muscles of facial expression

  • taste to ant 2/3 of tongue
  • parasympathetic inervation to glands of face except partoid gland
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22
Q

What cranial nerve has a complex course inside and outside of the skull so we divide it into intracranial and extracranial?

A

CNVII: Facial Nerve

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23
Q

Intracranialy CNVII goes to?

A

Geniculate ganglion : major sensory ganglion for taste
- Greater petrosal - parasymp of lacrimal, palantine,
nasal glands, and taste from palate
-Chorda tympani nerve - Parasymp innervation of
sublingual submandibular glands, taste from
anterior 2/3 of tongue
-Nerves to stapedius - muscle in ear that reduces sound?

24
Q

What innervation by the CNVII helps in reducing ear sensitivity to sound?

A

Innervation of stapedius muscle that reduces sound volume

25
Q

What nerve of the Intracranial tract of CNVII provides parasympathetic innervation to the lacrimal, palantine, nasal glands, and taste from the palate?

A

Greater Petrosal Nerve

26
Q

What nerve of the Intracranial tract of CNVII provides parasympathetic innervation of the sublingual and submandibular glands, and taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue?

A

Chorda Tympani Nerve

27
Q

Extracranial Tract of CNVII?

A

Embedded in partoid gland forms the partoid plexus, has 5 branches

  1. Temporal
  2. Zygomatic
  3. Buccal
  4. Mandibular
  5. Cervial
28
Q

Injury to CNVII (facial Nerve) Causes what condition?

A

Bells Palsy, droop in one side of the face while the other side still functions for facial expression

29
Q

Injury in the motor cortex?

A

Caused by strode, droop in one side of the face while, expression/control of upper face is functioning on both sides b/c other side of brain kicks in to aid function.

30
Q

What Cranial Nerve controls hearing and balance?

A

CNVIII: Vestibular Cochlear
-controls hearing and balance
Vestibular nerve - balance
Cochlear nerve - hearing

31
Q

What cranial nerve controls general sensory to the back of the tongue, throat, middle ear, eustachian tubes, visceral sensory from cartoid baro/chemo receptors, and special sensory (taste) from back of tongue?

A

CNIX: Glossopharyngeal

32
Q

What are the sensory functions of CNIX: Glossopharyngeal?

A

-Sensory Ganglia - Superior and Inferior Ganglia of CNIX
- General sensory info from back 1/3 of tongue,
oropharynx, back of palate, middle ear, and
eustachian tubes
- Visceral Sensory from cartoid baro and
chemoreceptors
- Taste to back 1/3 tongue

33
Q

What are the motor functions of CNIX:

A
  • Visceral motor innervation to partoid gland via lesser petrosal nerve and otic ganglion
  • somatic motor innervation to stylopharyngeous muscle
34
Q

What cranial nerve is the wandering nerve?

A

Vagus CN X

35
Q

CNX Vagus sensory innervations?

A
  • General sensory to structures in laryngopharynx and larynx
  • Visceral Sensory :
    - Thoracic abdominal visera
    - Chemo and baro receptors (aortic body and arch)
36
Q

CNX Vagus Motor Innervations?

A
  • Parasympathetic innervation to smooth muscle in structures in:
    • thorax
    • abdomen (Foregut and midgut )
    • glands in throat

Somatic Motor Inneration:

  • Palatoglossus -extrinsic tongue
  • Muscles of soft palate, pharynx, and larynx (phonation) -(swallowing speech)
37
Q

What Cranial Nerve supplies somatic motor innervation to trapezius and sterocleido mastoid muscles?

A

CN XI: Spinal Accessory

38
Q

What cranial nerve supplies motor innervation to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus?

A

CNXII

39
Q

What intrinsic muscles of tongue mean?

A

-muscles that originate and insert the tongue

40
Q

What extrinsic muscle of tongue mean?

A

-muscle that originate outside the tonuge but insert on the tongue

41
Q

What is the (1)General, (2) Special, and (3) Somatic motor innervation for the Anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A
  1. Lingual nerve from V3 of CNV
  2. CNVII
  3. CNXII
42
Q

What is the (1)General, (2) Special, and (3) Somatic motor innervation for the Posterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A
  1. CNIX
  2. CNIX
  3. CNX
43
Q

Otic Ganglion

A

Parasymp ganglion

  • controls CNIX -lesser petrosal nerve (preganglionic)
  • V3-auriculo- temporal nerve (postganglionic)
  • Innervates partoid gland
44
Q

Ciliary Ganglion

A
  • CNIII -oculomotor root (pregangionic)
  • VI -short ciliary nerve (postganglionic)
  • Intrinsic eye muscles
45
Q

Submandibular Ganglion

A
  • CNVII - Chorda tympani (Preganglionic)
  • V3 - lingual nerve (post ganglionic)
  • innervates submandibular and sublingual gland
46
Q

Pterygopalantine Ganglion

A
  • CNVII - greater petrosal ( preganglionic )
  • V1 and V2 branches (postganglionic)
  • innervates lacrimal, nasal, palantine glands
47
Q

CN 1 EXAM

A

smell things

48
Q

CN 2 EXAM

A

see things

49
Q

CN 3,4,5 EXAM

A

follow fingers

50
Q

CN 5 EXAM

A

touch face @ temple, cheek, jaws

51
Q

CN 7 EXAM

A

Make expresssions

52
Q

CN 8 EXAM

A

can you hear

53
Q

CN 9 EXAM

A

gag reflex, sense back of throat

54
Q

CN 10 EXAM

A

speaking, swallowing

55
Q

CN 11 EXAM

A

raise shoulders, head side to side

56
Q

CN 12 EXAM

A

stick out tongue, does it stickout symmetrically

INP Exam 1 (3 decks)

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