Cranial nerves Flashcards
I
Olfactory
Smell
II
Optic
sight, pupillary reflexes (constriction, blink)
III
Oculomotor
eye movement, upper eyelid
damage → ptosis, dilation of pupil
IV
Trochlear
motor nerve for superior oblique muscle
damage → diplopia, failure to rotate eye up and out
V
Trigeminal
Mastication and sensory nerve for the head
Damage → loss of facial sensation, weakness of muscles of mastication, deviation of opened jaw to ipsilateral side
VI
Abducens
abducts the eye (nerve to lateral rectus muscle)
damage → diplopia, convergent squint, and abductor paralysis of ipsilateral eye
VII
Facial
facial expression, speech articulation, winking, ingestion of food and drink, taste, salivary and nasal secretions
Damage → ipsilateral facial paralysis, dry mouth, loss of taste anterior 1/3 of tongue (Bell’s Palsy)
VIII
Vestibulocochlear
maintenance of equilibrium, hearing
Damage → vertigo, nystagmus, dysequilibrium, tinnitus, loss of hearing
IX
Glossopharyngeal
elevates pharynx, salivary secretion, taste
damage → slight dysphagia, partial dry mouth, loss of taste posterior 1/3 tongue
X
Vagus
phonation, visceral sensations and reflexes, cardiac depressor, bronchoconstrictor, GI tract peristalsis and secretion
Damage → palpitation, tachycardia, vomiting, slowing of respiration, ipsilateral paralysis of soft palate and larynx, hoarseness, anesthesia of the larynx
XI
Accessory
Deglutition and phonation (carotid part), movements of the head and shoulders (spinal part)
Damage → weakness in shrugging ipsilateral shoulder, turning head to opposite side
XII
Hypoglossal
movements of the tongue
Damage → unilateral paralysis of the tongue, deviation to the ipsilateral side w/ protrusion
Mnemonic for nerve order and type
Oh Oh Oh, To Touch And Feel Vaginas, God Vaginas Are Hot
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