Cranial Nerves Flashcards
CN I
Olfactory
Sensory
CN II
Optic
Sensory
CN III
Oculomotor
Motor
CN IV
Trochlear
Motor
CN V
Trigeminal
Both
CN VI
Abducent
Motor
CN VII
Facial
Both
CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
Sensory
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
Both
CN X
Vagus
Both
CN XI
Accessory
Motor
CN XII
Hypoglossal
Motor
What does CN I supply?
Sensory - smell from olfactory epithelium and pheromone detection from vomeronasal organ
What does CN II supply?
Visual impulses in response to light stimuli (vision)
What does CN III supply?
Somatic Motor: Ventral oblique, dorsal/ventral/medial rectus, levator palpebrae superioris Visceral Motor (PSNS): Intrinsic Muscles of the eye: Constrictor pupillae, ciliary mm.
What does CN IV supply?
Motor: Dorsal oblique
What are the 3 main branches of the CN V (Trigeminal)?
Ophthalmic, Maxillary, Mandibular
What are the main branches of the Ophthalmic Nerve branch of the Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)? What does each supply?
NFL
Nasociliary - sensory from nasal mucosa, eyelashes, eyelids
Frontal - sensory to frontal region (scalp, forehead, horn of ruminant), medial canthus of the eye
Lacrimal - sensory to lacrimal region
What are the main branches of the Maxillary Nerve branch of the Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)? What does each supply?
ZIP
Zygomatic branch - sensory to zygomatic arch and temporalis m., lateral canthus of the eye
Infraorbital - sensory to upper lip, nose, upper teeth and gums
Pterygopalatine - sensory to palate and nose
What are the main branches of the Mandibular Nerve branch of the Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)? What does each supply?
B-LIMA
Buccal - sensory to cheek
Lingual - sensory to tongue
Inferior Alveolar - sensory to lower teeth, gum, lip
Mylohyoid - MOTOR to rostral digastricus and mylohyoideus
- sensory to intermandibular region
Auriculotemporal - sensory to external ear, temporal region, zygomatic region, masseteric region
What does CN VI supply?
Somatic motor to Lateral rectus, retractor bulbi muscles
What does CN VII supply?
Sensory to skin of concave ear, ear canal, taste from rostral tongue
Somatic Motor - muscles of facial expression including auricular muscles
Visceral Motor (PSNS) - salivary and lacrimal glands
What are the major branches of the Facial nerve (CN VII) and what do they supply?
Muscular branches - Motor to auricular mm., stylohyoideus m., and caudal part of digastricus m.
Dorsal/Ventral Buccal branches - Motor to mm. of facial expression
Auriculopalpebral - motor to mm. of facial expression, including rostral auricular mm.
Chorda tympani - taste for rostral 2/3 of tongue
What does CN VIII supply?
Hearing and Balance
Sensory - hearing from cochlea (organ of corti), balance from semi-circular canals (maculae, cristae)
What are the main branches of the Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)? What does each supply?
Vestibular Nerve - Sensory from vestibular organs (maculae and cristae)
Cochlear Nerve - Sensory from organ of corti
What does CN IX supply?
Sensory - taste from caudal 1/3 of tongue, carotid sinus/body, pharyngeal muscles
Somatic Motor - stylopharyngeus m. (dilator of pharynx)
Visceral Motor (PSNS) - parotid and zygomatic salivary glands
What does CN X supply?
Sensory - larynx (via caudal laryngeal branch of Recurrent laryngeal nerve and cranial laryngeal nerve), aortic sinus and body, taste (on epiglottis), thoracic and abdominal viscera
Motor - pharyngeal mm. (swallowing), cricothyroideus m. (Cranial laryngeal n.)
Visceral Motor (PSNS) - thoracic and abdominal viscera, smooth muscles and glands
What does CN XI supply?
Motor - Cleidocephalicus, sternocephalicus, trapezius, intrinsic laryngeal mm. (via caudal laryngeal br of recurrent laryngeal nerve)
What does CN XII supply?
Motor - muscles of tongue
What foramina/canals does CN I travel through?
Foramina of cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
What foramina/canals does CN II travel through?
Optic foramen, optic canal
What foramina/canals does CN III travel through?
Orbital fissure
What foramina/canals does CN IV travel through?
Orbital fissure
What foramina/canals does CN VI travel through?
Orbital fissure
What foramina/canals does Ophthalmic branch of CN V travel through?
Orbital fissue
What foramina/canals does Maxillary Nerve of CN V travel through?
Round foramen, alar canal, rostral alar foramen
What foramina/canals does Infraorbital Nerve of Maxillary Nerve of CN V travel through?
Maxillary foramen –> infraorbital canal –> infraorbital foramen
What foramina/canals does the Mandibular nerve of CN V travel through?
Oval foramen
What foramina/canals does the Inferior Alveolar Nerve of the Mandibular Nerve of CN V travel through?
Mandibular foramen –> mandibular canal –> mental foramina
What foramina/canals does CN VII travel through?
internal acoustic meatus –> facial canal –> stylomastoid foramen
What foramina/canals does CN VIII travel through?
internal acoustic meatus
What foramina/canals does CN IX travel through?
leave cranium via jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure
What foramina/canals does CN X travel through?
leave cranium via jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure
What foramina/canals does CN XI travel through?
leave cranium via jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure
What foramina/canals does CN XII travel through?
leaves cranial cavity via hypoglossal foramen
Which nerves leave cranium via jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure?
CN IX, X, XI
Which nerves go through the orbital fissure?
CN III, IV, VI and Ophthalmic branch of CN V
Which cranial nerves contain a PSNS component?
CN III - instrinsic eye muscles
CN VII - salivary and lacrimal glands
CN IX - parotid/zygomatic salivary glands
CN X - thoracic and abdominal viscera, smooth muscles, glands
3, 7, 10, 9 it’s Parasympathetic Time :)
Which nerves have fibers for taste?
Rostral 2/3 = Facial (7)
Caudal 1/3 = Glossopharyngeal (9)
Which nerves innervate the extrinsic muscles of the eye?
Oculomotor (CN III) - DVM (Dorsal, Ventral, Medial rectus), ventral oblique, levator palpebrae superioris
Trochlear (CN IV) - Dorsal Oblique
Abducent (CN VI) - Lateral rectus, retractor bulbi
