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NMS > Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major function of the olfactory nerve?

A

Carries sensory afferent fibres for sense of smell and innervates the olfactory epithelium. The fibres terminate by synapsing with secondary neurones in olfactory bulbs in the brain.

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2
Q

What foramen in the skull does the olfactory nerve go through?

A

Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

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3
Q

What is the major function of the optic nerve?

A

Carries sensory afferent fibres from photoreceptors in retina to visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Needed for vision and pupillary light reflex

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4
Q

What foramen does optic nerve go through?

A

Optic canal

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5
Q

What is the somatic motor function of the oculomotor nerve?

A

Movement of eyeball- innervating sup/inf/medial rectus muscles. Inferior oblique muscle
elevation of upper eyelid- innervating palpebrae superioris muscle

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6
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of the oculomotor nerve?

A

Pupillary constriction- innervating sphincter pupillae
accommodation- innervating ciliary muscle of eyeball
Parasympathetic fibres originate in Edinger-Westphal nucleus
preganglionic fibres synapse in ciliary ganglion

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7
Q

What foramen does the oculomotor nerve go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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8
Q

What is the major motor function of the trochlear nerve?

A

Somatic efferent fibres innervate the superior oblique muscle, causing movement of the eyeball

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9
Q

What foramen does the trochlear nerve go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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10
Q

What is the sensory function of the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Carries sensory afferent fibres from eyes, lacrimal gland. Receives sensory input from the nasal cavity, upper eyelid and scalp.

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11
Q

What foramen does the opthalmic division of the trigeminal go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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12
Q

What is the sensory function of the maxillary branch of the trigeminal?

A

Receives sensory information from palate, nasal cavity, teeth of upper jaw, upper lip, lower eyelid and cheek.

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13
Q

What foramen does the maxillary branch of the trigeminal go through?

A

Foramen rotundum

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14
Q

What is the sensory function of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal?

A

Receives sensory information from the skin of the lower face, cheek, lower lip, external acoustic meatus. anterior 2/3 of tongue, teeth of lower jaw and mandible

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15
Q

What is the motor function of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal?

A

Motor fibres innervate the muscles of mastication, mylohyoid muscles, tensor tympani, and anterior belly of digastric muscle

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16
Q

What foramen does the mandibular branch of the trigeminal go through?

A

Foramen ovale

17
Q

What is the motor function of the abducens nerve?

A

Efferent fibres innervate lateral rectus muscle in the orbit, causing movement of the eyeball

18
Q

What foramen does the abducens nerve go through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

19
Q

What is the sensory function of the facial nerve?

A

Conveys information about taste from anterior 2/3 tongue. Sensation of external acoustic meatus.

20
Q

What is the motor function of the facial nerve?

A

Efferent fibres innervate muscles of facial expression, and the stapedius muscle.

21
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of the facial nerve?

A

Efferent fibres innervate the salivary gland- preganglionic neurones synapse in the submandibular ganglion.
Efferent fibres innervate lacrimal gland- preganglionic neurones synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion.
Parasympathetic fibres originate from the superior salivatory nucleus.

22
Q

What foramen does the facial nerve go through?

A

Stylomastoid foramen (nerve leaves cranial cavity via internal acoustic meatus)

23
Q

What is the sensory function of the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

Carries sensory afferent fibres from vestibular apparatus for balance and cochlear for hearing.

24
Q

What foramen does the vestibulocochlear nerve go through?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

25
Q

What is the sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Sensory afferent fibres convey sensation from pharynx, posterior 1/3 tongue, middle ear
Also taste, chemoreception and baroreception from the posterior 1/3 tongue, carotid body and carotid sinus

26
Q

What is the motor function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Efferent fibres innervate stylopharyngeus muscle for swallowing

27
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Efferent fibres innervate parotid salivary gland for salivation
preganglionic neurones synapse at the otic ganglion
preganglionic neurones originate from the inferior salivatory nucleus

28
Q

What foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve go through?

A

Jugular foramen

29
Q

What is the sensory function of the vagus nerve?

A

Sensation from pharynx, larynx, trachea, oesophagus, external ear
visceral sensation, chemoreception and baroreception from the thoracic and abdominal viscera

30
Q

What is the motor function of the vagus nerve?

A

Efferent fibres innervate soft palate, pharynx, larynx, upper oesophagus for speech and swallowing

31
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of the vagus nerve?

A

Innervation of cardiac muscle
Innervation of smooth muscles and glands of cardiovascular, respiratory systems and GI tract
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurones originate from dorsal motor nucleus of vagus

32
Q

What is the foramen that the vagus nerve goes through?

A

Jugular foramen

33
Q

What is the motor function of the accessory nerve?

A

Efferent nerve fibres innervate the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles for movement of head and shoulder
fibres originate from spinal cord

34
Q

What foramen does the accessory nerve go through?

A

Jugular foramen

35
Q

What is the motor function of the hypoglossal nerve?

A

Efferent fibres innervate hyoglossus, genioglossus, styloglossus muscles and all intrinsic muscles of the tongue- in order to move the tongue

36
Q

What foramen does the hypoglossal nerve go through?

A

Hypoglossal canal

NMS (1 decks)

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