Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Basic Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN:I

Sensory/Motor?

A

Olfactory Nerve

Sensory-smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CN:II

Sensory/Motor?

A

Optic Nerve

Sensory-vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CN:III

Sensory/Motor?

A

Oculomotor Nerve

Motor

levator palpebrae superioris

superior rectus

medial rectus

inferior rectus

inferior oblique

ciliary muscle

sphincter pipillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CN:IV

Sensory/Motor?

A

Trochlear Nerve

Motor

Superior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CN:V

Sensory/Motor?

A

Trigeminal Nerve

Motor- muscles of mastication

Sensory- face, nasal cavity, oral cavity and teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CN:VI

Sensory/Motor?

A

Abducent Nerve

Motor

lateral rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CN:VII

Sensory/Motor?

A

Facial Nerve

MOTOR and PROPRIOCEPTIVE to muscles of facial expression (inc. platysma, occipital belly of occipitofrontalis), auricularis, posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid and stapedius.

SPECIAL SENSORY (taste) to anterior 2/3 tongue.

SECRETOMOTOR (parasympathetic) to lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual glands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CN:VIII

Sensory/Motor?

A

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Special sensory (special somatic afferent): hearing/equilibrium/balance/motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CN:IX

Sensory/Motor?

A

Glossopharangeal Nerve

Motor- stylopharyngeus, secretomotor to parotid gland

Sensory - pharynx, middle ear, carotid sinus, taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CN:X

Sensory/Motor?

A

Vagus Nerve

Motor - pharynx, larynx, bronchal tree, heart, GI tract to splenic flexure, secretomotor to mucus glands

Sensory - soft palate, pharynx, larynx, carotid body, bronchal tree, GI tract (gag reflex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CN:XI

Sensory/Motor?

A

Accessory Nerve

Somatic Motor

trapezius

sternocleidomastoid

[Pain and proprioceptive fibres to these muscles via cervical plexus (C2-C4).]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CN:XII

Sensory/Motor?

A

Hypoglossal

motor - muscles of tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the Olfactory Nerve CN:I originate and terminate?

A

• Cell bodies in nasal mucosa.

  • enter cranial cavity via cribiform plate

• Olfactory nerve fibres synapse with mitral cells in olfactory bulb.

• Post-synaptic axons form the olfactory tract.

• Terminate in piriform cortex of temporal lobe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the Optic Nerve CN:II originate and terminate?

A
  • Cell bodies in retina.
  • Optic canal.
  • Optic chiasm.
  • Optic tract.
  • Terminate in lateral geniculate bodies of thalamus.
  • Post-synaptic axons to visual cortex in occipital lobe.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the Oculomotor Nerve CN:III originate and terminate?

A
  • Two nuclei in midbrain (level sup.colliculus)
  • Exit via superior orbital fissure.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the actions of the somatic motor and visceral motor fibers of the Oculomotor nerve?

A

Somatic MOTOR (general somatic efferent) & proprioceptive to:

  • 4/6 extraocular muscles (superior, medial and inferior recti; inferior oblique)
  • Superior eyelid (levator palpebrae superioris)

Visceral motor (general visceral efferent – parasympathetic).

  • Post-synaptic fibres from ciliary ganglion to ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae muscle.
17
Q

Which nerve is….

  • Smallest cranial nerve?
  • Only nerve to originate on dorsal aspect of brainstem?
A

Trochlear Nerve

18
Q

Where does the Trochlear Nerve CN:IV originate and terminate?

A
  • nucleus in the midbrain on the medial aspect of the inferior colliculus
  • exits via superior orbital fissure
  • Somatic MOTOR (general somatic efferent) and proprioceptive to superior oblique.
19
Q

what is the largest cranial nerve with 3 divisions?

A

Trigeminal Nerve

20
Q

Where does the Trigeminal Nerve CN:V originate?

A
  • Four trigeminal nuclei in pons – one motor and three sensory.
21
Q

Name CN:V1

what is the cranial exit

sensory/motor?

name some nerve branches

cutaneous distribution

A
  • Opthalmic nerve
  • superior orbital fissure
  • sensory only
    • frontal >>supraorbital>>supratrochlear, lateral/medial branch
    • Lacrimal >>lacrimal gland
    • nasocilliary>>posterior ethmoidal, anterior ethmoidal, infratrochlear, long ciliary, ciliary ganglion
  • anterior 2/3 of cranium excluding temporal bone, then rostral up to eye lids including nasal bridge and tip of nose
22
Q

Name CN:V2

what is the cranial exit

sensory/motor?

name some nerve branches

cutaneous distribution

A
  • Maxillary nerve
  • foramen rotundum
  • sensory only
    • zygomatic nerve^communicating branch lacrimal, + zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticofacial
    • infraorbital^superior alveolar branches^ ganglionic branches>>pterygopalatine ganglion
  • anterior zugomatic bone, under eyes, nostrils and upper lip
23
Q

Name CN:V3

what is the cranial exit

sensory/motor?

name some nerve branches

cutaneous distribution

A
  • Mandibular nerve
  • foramen ovale
  • sensory and motor-muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, lat/med pterygoid), mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric,Tensor veli palatini,tensor tympani.
    • auriculotemporal
    • buccal
    • lingual^submandibular ganglion
    • inferior alveolar^mylohyoid+inferior dental plexus >>mental
  • part of temporal bone, anterior 1/2 of ear, mandible, lower lip
24
Q

What are the branches that cary parasympathetic innervation in CN:V1?

A

presynaptic parasympathetic axons from facial nerve via>>greater petrosal>>nerve of pterygoid canal>>pterygopalatine ganglion>>Zygomatic branch of maxillary division>>comunicating branch>>lacrimal nerve>>lacrimal gland

25
Q

What are the branches that carry parasympathetic innervation from CN:V2?

A

presynaptic parasympathetic axons from facial nerve>>pterygopalatine ganglion>>pterygopalitine nerves>>Zygomatic branch of maxillary division>>comunicating branch>>lacrimal nerve>>lacrimal gland

26
Q

What are the branches that carry parasympathetic innervation from CN:V3?

A
  1. Glossopharangeal>>tympanic nerve>>tympanic plexus>>presynaptic parasympathetic axons from lesser petrosal nerve>>mandibular division CNV3>>synapse otic ganglion>> auricotemporal nerve>>parotid gland
  2. facial nerve >>chorda tympani>>presynaptic parasympathetic axons from lingual nerve>> synapse submandibular ganglion>>submandibular gland + sublingual gland
27
Q

Where does the Abducent Nerve CN:VI originate and terminate?

A
  • abducent nucleus in pons
  • exits via superior orbital fissure
  • Supplies somatic MOTOR and proprioceptive fibres to LATERAL RECTUS muscles (abducts the eyes)
28
Q

Where does the facial nerve CN:VI originate and exit from the cranial cavity?

A

Motor nucleus in pons

internal accoustic meatus

29
Q

Name the 6 branches of the Facial nerve CN:VII

A
  1. posterior auricular
  2. temporal
  3. zygomatic
  4. buccal
  5. marginal mandibular
  6. cervical
30
Q

what is the difference in innervation between Chordata tympani and lingual nerve?

A
  • Chorda tympani => special sensory (taste) to anterior 2/3 tongue
  • Lingual nerve (from CN V3) => general sensation (touch/temp) to anterior 2/3 tongue
31
Q

parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve CN:VII

A
  1. facial nerve >>chorda tympani>>presynaptic parasympathetic axons from lingual nerve>> synapse submandibular ganglion>>submandibular gland + sublingual gland + anterior tongue
  2. presynaptic parasympathetic axons from facial nerve via>>greater petrosal>>nerve of pterygoid canal>>synapse pterygopalatine ganglion>>Zygomatic branch of maxillary division>>comunicating branch_>>lacrimal nerve(V1)>>lacrimal gland_
32
Q

Describe the nervous pathway of vestibulocochlear nerve CN:VIII from origin to target organ?

A
  • Vestibular nuclei are located at the junction of the pons and medulla in the lateral part of the floor of the 4th ventricle.
  • Cochlear nuclei are in the pons.
  • cranial exit via internal accoustic meatus
  • splits into vestibular nerve + cochlear nerve
  • Cochlear nerve: (synapse cochlear ganglion) sensory to spiral organ (for sense of hearing).
  • Vestibular nerve: (synapse vestibular ganglion) sensory to semicircular ducts/saccule/utricle (for sense of equilibrium).
33
Q

A disturbance in cochlear or vestibular function would cause what symptoms?

A
  • cochlear = deafness and tinnitus (ringing in ears).
  • vestibular = vertigo (dizziness) and nystagmus (uncontrollable pendular movement of eyes).
34
Q

Briefly describe the axonal pathway of glossopharyngeal nerve CN:IX from origin to target organ

A
  • Four nuclei in the medulla oblongata
  • exit jugular foramen
    • Tympanic nerve=>parotid gland (parasympathetic)
    • stylopharyngeus branch=>stylopharngeus muscle (motor)
      • tonsilar + lingual branches=>palatine tonsil + posterior 1/3 of tongue (taste & general sensation)
    • pharyngeal branches (sensory)
    • carotid sinus branch=>carotid sinus (sensory)
35
Q

Describe the parasympathetic innervation pathway of glossopharyngeal nerve CN:IX

A

Glossopharangeal>>tympanic nerve>>tympanic plexus>>presynaptic parasympathetic axons from lesser petrosal nerve>>mandibular division CNV3>>synapse otic ganglion>> auricotemporal nerve>>parotid gland

36
Q

Where does the vagus nerve CN:X originate, exit the cranial cavity and what are some branches and target organs?

A
  • nuclei in medulla oblongata
  • exits jugular foramen
    • pharyngeal branch=> muscles of pharynx and soft palate
    • carotid sinus branch
    • internal/external branch of superior laryngeal nerve
    • reccurent laryngeal nerve=>upper oesophagus + intrinsic muscles of larynx
    • cardiac, pulmonary, esophageal, celiac and renal plexus
  • Left and right vagi become anterior/posterior vagal trunks respectively in abdomen.
37
Q

What are some of the target organs for the parasympathetic fibres of Vagus nerve CN:X?

A

Pre-synaptic parasympathetic fibres to involuntary muscles/glands of tracheobronchial tree; oesophagus; heart; digestive tract (up until left colic flexure).

38
Q

Where does accessory nerve CN:VI originate and exit cranial cavity?

A
  • Nucleus in column of anterior horn motor neurons in the superior 5 or 6 cervical segments
  • Cranial exit = jugular foramen.
39
Q

Where does the hypoglossal nerve CN:XII originate, exit cranial cavity and terminate?

A
  • originates anterior surface of medulla oblongata between the pyramid and olive.
  • exit = hypoglossal canal
  • MOTOR to all muscles of tongue (except palatoglossus): (intrinsic tongue muscles) styloglossus, hyoglossus, genioglossus.

Basic Anatomy (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions