Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

cranial nerves > cranial nerves > Flashcards

cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN Bundles of nerve fibers (mostly) arising on

Exit/enter

A

Bundles of nerve fibers (mostly) arising on the ventral brain and brainstem

¨Exit/enter cranial cavity via foramina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

¨Fibers are

Generally innervate

A

¨Fibers are sensory, motor or both

Generally innervate head and neck¨

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

¨Three letter classification system for types of neurons making up cranial nerves
¨

A

anatomy and embrology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

¨General vs. Special

A 
¤General = Found in cranial nerves and spinal nerves
¤Special = Cranial nerve specific
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

¨Somatic vs. Visceral

A

¤Somatic-Innervate structures derived from somites (skeletal muscle, cartilage, tendons, dermis)

¤Visceral- Innervate gut/structures associated with gut and pharyngeal (branchial) arches
Vascular system, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

GSE

A

¨Somatic motor (GSE)
¤innervate striated muscles NOT derived from embryonic pharyngeal (branchial) arches
¤includes extraocular muscles of orbit and tongue muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

SVE

A

¨Branchial motor (SVE)
¤innervate striated muscles derived from pharyngeal (branchial) arches
¤includes muscles of mastication, facial expression, pharyngeal & laryngeal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

GVE

A

¨Parasympathetic (visceral motor) (GVE)
¤parasympathetic fibers innervating smooth muscle and glands
¤e.g., pupillary sphincter and lacrimal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

SVA and GVA

A

¨Visceral sensory- special (SVA) & general (GVA)
¤Taste (smell)
¤convey sensory information from cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, muscle derived from branchial arches, glands

¤e.g., parotid gland, carotid body & sinus, middle ear, pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera and abdominal viscera (GI tract)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

GSA

A

¨General somatic sensory (GSA)
¤general sensation from skin & mucous membranes which may or may not be experienced consciously
¤travel mainly via CN V (also CN VII, IX and X)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

SSA

A

¨Special somatic sensory (SSA)
¤Hearing, balance, vision, smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CN II

Function

A

CN II optic nerve

Vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CN II optic Nerve

entry and unique feature

A

¨Entry: Optic canal

Unique feature-Does not attach to brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CN V SVE

A

CN V SVE

Muscle of Mastication, Mylohyoid, Anterior belly of digastric, Tensor Tympani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CN V

GSA

A

Sensation for face, mouth, tongue, meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CN V

entry

location

A

¨Exit/Entry
¤V1 (Ophthalmic): Superior orbital fissure
¤V2 (Maxillary): Foramen rotundum
¤V3 (Mandibular): Foramen ovale
¨Location: Ventrolateral brainstem in mid-pons area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CN I

SVA

A

CN I Olfactory

¨SSA (SVA)- Olfaction (Smell)

¨Entry: Cribriform plate

Unique features-Does not attach to brainstem
¤Only sensory system not synapsing in thalamus before cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CN III GVE

A

¤Pupillary constriction
Pupillary constrictor (iris sphincter) muscle
¤Visual accommodation
Ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

CN III

GSE

A

Eye movements (adduction, elevation, depression)
All extraocular muscles except superior oblique & lateral rectus
Eyelid elevation
nLevator palpebrae superioris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

CN III

Exit:

location:

A

¨Exit: Superior orbital fissure
¨Location: Interpeduncular fossa at midbrain/pons junction

21
Q

CN VIII

all

A

CN VIII (vestibulocochlear Nerve)

¨SSA- Hearing (Cochlea), Equilibrium (Vestibular organs)¨

Entry: Internal auditory meatus
¨Location: Ventrolateral brainstem at pontomedullary junction (immediately lateral to CN VII)

22
Q

CN VII

SVE

A

¤Motor to muscles of facial expression, scalp, stapedius, stylohyoid, digastric (posterior belly)

23
Q

CN VII

SVA

A

Taste ( anterior 2/3 of tongue)

24
Q

CN VII GSA

A

Sensation near External auditory meatus

25
Q

CN VII

GVE

A

parasympathetic innervation to salivary and lacrimal glands

26
Q

CN IV

All

A

CN IV Trochlear Nerve

GSE- Eye movement (Intorsion), Superior oblique

Exit: Superior orbital fissure
¨Location: Medial dorsal midbrain caudal to inferior colliculus

Unique features
¤Exits brainstem on dorsal side
¤Decussates before innervation
¤Smallest CN

27
Q

CN VII

Location

entry/exit

A

¨Location: Ventrolateral brainstem at pontomedually junction (inferior pontine sulcus)

¨Exit/Entry
¤Internal auditory meatus
¤Stylomastoid foramen
Muscles of facial expression

28
Q

Importance of stylomastoid foramen

A

CN VII SVE muslce of facial expression

29
Q

CN IX

SVE

A

¨SVE
¤Stylopharyngeus muscle (elevation of larynx & pharynx during swallowing)

30
Q

CN IX

SVA

A

¨SVA
¤Taste (posterior 1/3 of tongue)

31
Q

CN IX

GSA

A

¨GSA
¤Sensation (skin near EAM, pharynx, tongue)

32
Q

CN VI

All

A

¨GSE
¤Eye movement (Abduction), Lateral rectus muscle

Exit: Superior orbital fissure
¨Location: Ventral brainstem near midline at pontomedullary junction (inferior pontine sulcus)
¨

33
Q

CN IX

exit/entry

location

A

¨Exit/Entry: Jugular foramen
¨Location: Rostral medulla at postolivary sulcus

34
Q

CN IX

GVE

A

GVE
¤ Parotid gland (salivation)

35
Q

CN IX

GVA

A

GVA
¤ Sensation (Chemo/baroreceptors of carotid body, pharynx)

36
Q

CN X

SVE

A

SVE
¤ Motor to constrictor muscles of pharynx, intrinsic muscles or larynx, muscles of palate, upper esophagus (swallowing, speaking)

37
Q

CN X

SVA

A

SVA
¤ Taste (epiglottis, palate, pharynx)

38
Q

CN X

GSA

A

GSA
¤ Sensation (EAM, meninges)

39
Q

CN X

GVE

A

GVE
¤ Parasympathetics to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle of trachea, bronchi, digestive tract

40
Q

CN X

GVA

A

GVA
¤ Sensation (Chemo/Baroreceptors (aortic arch), pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, heart, esophagus, stomach, intestines)

41
Q

CN X

Entry/exit/location

A

Exit/Entry: Jugular foramen
Location: Medulla at postolivary sulcus, caudal to CN IX (made up of several rootlets)

42
Q

CN XI

SVE

A

GSE (SVE)*
¤ Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles (turning of head, elevation of scapula)

43
Q

CN XI

Entry/exit/location

A

Exit: Jugular foramen (enters via foramen magnum)

Location: Lateral spinal cord between dorsal and ventral roots (rootlets form common trunk)* Considered by some sources to be somatic, others consider it to be of branchial arch origin

44
Q

CN XII

GSE

A

GSE
¤ Intrinsic & extrinsic muscles of tongue (tongue movement)

45
Q

CN XII

Entry/exit/location

A

Exit: hypoglossal canal
Location: Medulla at preolivary sulcus (rootlets form trunk)

46
Q

Most cranial nerve fibers run

¤Exceptions:

¤In general lesion in right brainstem causes

A

Most cranial nerve fibers run ipsilateral

Exceptions: optic nerve (half the fibers decussate); trochlear nerve (fibers innervate muscle of the contralateral eye)

In general lesion in right brainstem causes sensory or motor deficit on right side

47
Q

Motor fibers of cranial nerves come from

Sensory fibers of cranial nerves begin in

Some have special sensory organs as their

A

Motor fibers of cranial nerves come from brainstem nuclei to innervate glands and muscles¨

Sensory fibers of cranial nerves begin in receptors generally located in the head and neck and generally lead to the brainstem

Some have special sensory organs as their sensory receptors

48
Q
A

cranial nerves (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions