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Cranial Nerves Flashcards

0
Q

What does the olfactory nerve pass through?

A

The cribriform plate.

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1
Q

What is the name of CN I?

A

Olfactory nerve

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2
Q

What does the olfactory nerve pass thru in the equine and the bovine?

A

The cribriform plate to the olfactory bulb

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3
Q

What type of innervation does CN I provide?

A

Sensory (smell) from olfactory epithelium

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4
Q

What is the name of CN II?

A

The optic nerve

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5
Q

What does CN II pass thru?

A

The optic canal

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6
Q

In the equine and bovine, what does the optic nerve pass thru?

A

The optic canal

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7
Q

What type of innervation does CN II provide?

A

Sensory (vision) from retina

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8
Q

What is the name of CN III?

A

Occulomotor nerve

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9
Q

What type of innervation does CN III provide?

And what does it supply?

A

Motor:
To dorsal, ventral, and medial, rectus mm. (DVM)
To ventral oblique m,
To levator palpebrae superioris
PNS:
To iris sphincter mm. (pupillary constriction)

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10
Q

What does the occulomotor nerve pass thru?

A

The orbital fissure

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11
Q

What does CN III pass thru in the bovine and the equine?

A

Equine: orbital fissure
Bovine: foramen orbitorotundum

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12
Q

What is the name of CN IV?

A

The trochlear nerve

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13
Q

What type of innervation does CN IV provide?

What does it innervate?

A

Motor.

The dorsal oblique m.

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14
Q

What does CN IV pass thru?

A

The orbital fissure

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15
Q

What is “special” about the trochlear nerve?

A

It has complete decussation. Meaning, the right CN IV innervates the left dorsal oblique muscle, and vice versa.

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16
Q

What does CN IV pass thru in the equine?

In the bovine?

A

Equine: orbital fissure
Bovine: foramen orbitorotundum

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17
Q

What is the name of CN V?

A

Trigeminal nerve

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18
Q

What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

And what type of innervation do they provide?

A

Ophthalmic: sensory
Maxillary: sensory
Mandibular: sensory and motor

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19
Q

What does the ophthalmic branch of CN V innervate?

A

Sensory from globe, periorbita, nasal mucosa, and medial aspect of palpebrae

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20
Q

What does the maxillary branch of CN V innervate?

A

Sensory from upper lip, nasal mucosa, and lateral aspect of palpebrae

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21
Q

What does the mandibular branch of CN V innervate?

A

Sensory: lower jaw, tongue ( taste and touch from rostral 2/3), and auriculotemporal area
Motor: muscles of mastication

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22
Q

What do the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve pass thru?

A

Ophthalmic: orbital fissure
Maxillary: round foramen and rostral alar foramen
Mandibular: oval foramen

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23
Q

What is the termination of the maxillary nerve and what does it pass thru?

A

The infraorbital nerve

The infraorbital foramen

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24
Q

What are the 5 branches of the mandibular nerve?

What do the unnamed branches of the mandibular branch innervate?

A 
Lingual
Inferior alveolar
Mylohyoid
Auriculotemporal 
Buccal nn
They innervate the mm of mastication:
Masseter, temporalis, pterygoid, and rostral belly of digastricus mm
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25
Q

What is the name of CN VI?

A

The abducens nerve

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26
Q

What type of innervation does the abducens nerve supply?

Who does it innervate?

A

Motor.

Lateral rectus and retractor bulbi mm

27
Q

What does CN VI pass thru?

A

The orbital fissure

28
Q

What is the name of CN VII?

What type of innervation does it provide?

A

Facial nerve

Motor, sensory, and PNS

29
Q

Who does CN VII provide motor innervation to?

A

Muscles of facial expression: platysma, levator nasolabialis, etc, and caudal bell of the digastricus. Important with CN V damage.

30
Q

Who does CN VII provide sensory innervation to?

A

Rostral 2/3 of the tongue, so it’s taste innervation

31
Q

Who does CN VII provide PNS innervation to?

A

The salivary and lacrimal glands

32
Q

What does CN VII pass thru? 2 structures.

A

Stylomastoid foramen (motor) and internal acoustic meatus

33
Q

What are the 3(4) branches of the facial nerve?

A

Dorsal buccal
Ventral buccal
Auriculopapebral (rostral auricular and palpebral) nn

34
Q

What is the name of CN VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

35
Q

What type of innervation does CN VIII provide?

A

Sensory for hearing and balance

36
Q

What does CN VIII pass thru?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

37
Q

What is the name for CN IX?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve.

38
Q

What type of innervation does CN IX provide?

A

Sensory, motor, and PNS

39
Q

To what does CN IX provide sensory innervation?

A

Tongue ( touch/taste from caudal 1/3) and pharyngeal mucosa (touch)

40
Q

To what does CN IX provide motor innervation?

A

The pharynx mm

41
Q

To what does CN IX provide PNS innervation?

A

Parotid and mucosal glands

42
Q

Thru what does CN IX pass?

A

Jugular foramen and tympano-ccipital fissure

43
Q

What is the name of CN X?

A

Vagus nerve

44
Q

What type of innervation does CN X provide?

A

Sensory (~70%), motor, and PNS

45
Q

To what does CN X provide sensory innervation?

A

(General, Visceral, Afferent)

Epiglottis, ear canal, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, thoracic and abdominal viscera

46
Q

To what does CN X provide motor innervation?

A

Pharynx and esophagus

47
Q

To what does CN X provide PNS innervation?

A

Heart, lungs, abdomen

48
Q

Thru what does CN X pass?

A

Jugular foramen and tympano-occipital fissure

49
Q

What is the name of CN XI?

A

(Spinal) Accessory nerve

50
Q

What type of innervation does CN XI provide?

51
Q

What mm does CN XI provide motor innervation to?

A

Trapezius, omotransversarius, mastoid part of sternocephalicus, cleidocephalicus mm, and cervical part of cleidocephalicus m.
Also motor to larynx via recurrent laryngeal n.

52
Q

Thru what does CN XI pass?

A

Jugular foramen and tympano-occipital fissure

53
Q

What is the name of CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

54
Q

What type of innervation does CN XII provide?

55
Q

To what does CN XII provide motor innervation?

A

Extrinsic and intrinsic mm of the tongue

56
Q

Thru what does CN XII pass?

A

Hypoglossal canal

57
Q

What nerves (4), veins (2), and artery pass thru the tympano-occipital fissure?

A

Vagus n, accessory n, glossophayngeal n, and sympathic postganglionic axons from the cranial cervical ganglion
Vertebral and internal jugular vv
Internal carotid artery

58
Q

What nerve passes thru the hypoglossal canal?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

59
Q

What nerve passes thru the Stylomastoid foramen?

A

Facial nerve

60
Q

What nerve(s) pass thru the optic canal?

A

The optic nerve

61
Q

What nerves pass thru the orbital fissure?

A

Occulomotor, trochlear, abducent, and ophthalmic nn

62
Q

What artery and nerve pass thru the rostral alar foramen?

A

Maxillary artery and nerve

63
Q

What nerve passes thru the oval foramen?

A

Mandibular nerve

64
Q

What structure passes thru the musculotubal canal?

A

Auditory tube

65
Q

What artery passes thru the foramen lacerum?

A

Loop of the internal carotid artery

Gross Anatomy (3 decks)

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