Cranial Nerves 2

Question 1

What are the three branches of the Trigeminal nerve?

Answer 1

V1 - Opthalmic - superior orbital fissure
V2 - Maxillary - foramen rotundum
V3 - Mandibular - foreamen ovale

Question 1

CN V : Trigeminal

Answer 1

The largest cranial nerve, sensory to the face and muscles of mastication

Question 2

Trigeminal Nerve V1 Opthalmic Branch

Answer 2

Smallest branch, enter orbit through superior orbital fissure. Contains sensory information from the corner of the eye up

Question 3

Trigeminal Nerve V2 Maxillary Branch

Answer 3

Intermediate in size, enters the foramen rotudum of sphenoid, contains sensory information from the corner of the eye to the corner of the mouth

Question 4

Trigeminal Nerve V3 Mandibular Branch

Answer 4

Largest of the three branches, exists through the foramen ovale of sphenoid, contains sensory information from the corner of the mouth down

Question 5

What innervates the anterior 2/3 of the tounge?

Answer 5

CN V - Trigeminal V3 (mandibular branch)

Question 6

Muscles of the trigmeninal mandibular branch

Answer 6

Masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoid (important for chewing)

Question 7

CN VI : Abducens

Answer 7

Abducens necleus of pons, exists cranium through the superior orbital fissure. LR6 - lateral rectus

Question 8

What does the cavernous sinus contain?

Answer 8

Occulomotor, trochlear, V1, V2, abducens, internal carotid artery

Question 9

Cavernous Sinus Syndrome

Answer 9

Lesions affecting the cavernous sinus may affect isolated nerves or all the nerves traversing through it

Question 10

Causes for Cavernous Sinus Syndrome

Answer 10

Aneurysm, pituitary adenomas

Question 11

CN VII : Facial Nerve

Answer 11

Mixed motor and sensory nerve. Motor for muscles of facial expression, parasympathetic salivary and lacrimal glands, and taste for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Question 12

Superior Salivatory Nucelus in pons

Answer 12

Facial nerve, within the parasympathetic division

Question 13

Geniculate Ganglion

Answer 13

Facial nerve, in the visceral division

Question 14

Facil Nerve Muscles

Answer 14

Muscles of facial expression, stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric, stapedius

Question 15

What are the two parasymapthetic ganglia in the facial nerve?

Answer 15

Pterygopalatine ganglia, submandibular ganglion

Question 16

Bell’s Palsy

Answer 16

Unilateral facial weakness from a viral infection or a vaccine

Question 17

What is the difference between Stroke and Bell’s Palsy?

Answer 17

If the patient can raise their eyebrows - stroke
If they cannot - facial nerve

Question 18

CN VIII : Vestibulocochleaer

Answer 18

Sensory nerve with 2 branches. Vestibular and cochlear

Question 19

Vestibular Branch of Vestobulocochleaer

Answer 19

Balance and equilibrium, adjustment of pasture, muscle tone, eye position in response to movements of the head in space

Question 20

Cochlear Branch of Vestobulocochleaer

Answer 20

Hearing, lateral lemnisucs, inferior colliculus, MGN, primary auditory cortex

Question 21

From the vestibular ganglion, the signal is then transferred to the vestibular nuclei in the ________ ____________

Answer 21

Medulla oblongata

Question 22

CN IX : Glossopharyngeal

Answer 22

Emerges in the rostral medulla and exists the cranium through the jugular foramen. Motor for the stylopharyngeus muscle

Question 23

Stylopharyneus Muscle

Answer 23

Runs between the styloid process of the temporal bone and the pharynx, elevates the pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking

Question 24

Glossopharyngeal Parasympathetic Function

Answer 24

Stimulate the parotid gland to secrete saliva. Some of the cell bodies are located in the otic ganglion

Question 25

Taste Glossopharyngeal

Answer 25

Posterior 1/3 of the tongue, bitter. Though the solitary nucleus and tract

Question 25

Glossopharyngeal Somatic Sensation

Answer 25

Posterior 1/3 of the tongue, pharynx, external ear and tympanic membrane. Goes through the spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract

Question 26

Glossopharyngeal Visceral Sensory

Answer 26

Gag sensation from oropharynx

Question 27

CN X : Vagus Nerve

Answer 27

Carries 4 different modalities and utilizes 4 different nuclei

Question 28

Vagus Motor

Answer 28

Motor to pharyngeal muscles, intrinsic muscles of larynx

Question 29

Vagus Parasympathetic

Answer 29

Thoracic and abdominal viscera, smooth muscle/glands of pharynx and larynx

Question 30

Vagus Somatic Sensory

Answer 30

Posterior meninges, skin on back of ear, external acoustic meatus, pharynx, larynx

Question 31

Vagus Visceral Sensory

Answer 31

Larynx, thoracic and abdominal viscera, aortic arch stretch receptors, chemoreceptors in aortic bodies

Question 32

CNXI : Spinal Accessory

Answer 32

Innervates trapezius muscle and sternocledidomastoid muscles. Motor axons arise in the anterior gray of the first five segments of the cervical portion of the spinal cord. Exit through jugular foramen

Question 33

CN XII : Hypoglossal Nerve

Answer 33

Pass through the hypoglossal canal and supply the muscles of the tongue. Speech and swallowing