Cranial nerves Flashcards
What is the mnemonic for cranial nerves…
Oh oh oh to touch and feel very good velvet ah heaven
What is the mnemonic for motor/ sensory cranial nerves…
Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter Most
Describe olfactory 1
Sensory
cerebrum origin
cribriform plate insertion
smell function
tested by smelling strong compounds
Describe optic 2
Sensory
Diencephalon origin
Optic canal insertion
sight function
snellen chart, pupillary light reflex, colour vision
Describe oculomotor 3
Motor
brainstem origin
superior orbital fissure insertion
eye movements
finger test, pupillary light reflex
Describe trochlear 4
Motor
Midbrain origin
superior orbital fissure insertion
eye movements
finger test
Describe trigeminal 5
Both
Pons origin
insertion: superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale.
face sensation
tested using cotton wool on skin or jaw clench
Describe abducens 6
Motor
pons origin
superior orbital fissure
eye movement
finger test
Describe facial 7
Both
pons origin
internal auditory meatus, then stylomastoid foramen insertion
tested facial movements
Describe vestibulocochlear 8
Sensory
pons origin
internal auditory meatus insertion
balance and hearing
block 1 ear and test the other
Describe glossopharyngeal 9
Both
medulla origin
jugular foramen insertion
taste and swallowing
gag reflex
Describe vagus 10
Both
medulla origin
jugular foramen
parasympathetic - motor function to various muscles
gag reflex, saying aah (larynx muscles), swallowing and coughing
Describe accessory 11
Motor
spinal cord origin C1-5
foramen magnum in, jugular foramen out
head and neck movements
shrug shoulders
Describe hypoglossal 12
Motor
medulla origin
hypoglossal canal insertion
tongue movements
protrude tongue
deviation of tongue on either side = abnormality.
What muscles does the vagus nerve supply?
heart, lungs, oesophagus, pharynx and larynx
What does Cn1 innervate?
olfactory epithelium
What does Cn2 innervate?
retina
What does Cn3 innervate?
- Innervates: medial, superior and inferior rectus muscles and inferior oblique and levator palpebrae superioris.
- Motor function: movement of eyeball.
- Parasympathetic function: constriction and accommodation.
What does Cn4 innervate?
superior oblique
What does Cn5 innervate?
Sensory innervation: face, scalp, cornea, nasal and oral cavities, anterior 2/3 of tongue, dura mater.
- Motor innervation: muscles of mastication and tensor tympani.
- Sensory function: general sensation.
- Motor functions: open and close the mouth. Tenses tympanic membrane.
What does Cn6 innervate?
lateral rectus
What does Cn7 innervate?
- Special sensory innervation: anterior 2/3 of tongue - taste.
- Motor innervation: muscles of facial expression and stapedius.
- Parasympathetic innervation: submandibular and sublingual and lacrimal glands.
What does Cn8 innervate?
cochlea and vestibular apparatus.
What does Cn9 innervate?
Sensory innervation: posterior 1/3 of tongue, middle ear, pharynx, carotid bodies.
- Motor innervation: stylopharyngeus.
- Parasympathetic innervation: parotid gland.
What does Cn10 innervate?
- Sensory innervation: pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, external ear, aortic bodies, thoracic and abdominal viscera.
- Motor innervation: soft palate, larynx, pharynx.
- Parasympathetic innervation: CV, respiratory and GI systems.
What are the functions of Cn10?
- Sensory functions: general sensation.
- Motor functions: speech and swallowing.
- Parasympathetic functions: control over CV, respiratory and GI systems.
What are the functions of Cn9?
- Sensory functions: general sensation, taste, chemo/baroreception.
- Motor functions: Swallowing (larynx and pharynx are elevated).
- Parasympathetic function: salivation.
What are the functions of Cn7?
- Sensory function: taste.
- Motor function: facial movement and tension of ossicles.
- Parasympathetic function: salivation and lacrimation.
What does Cn11 innervate?
trapezius and sternocleidomastoid.
What does Cn12 innervate?
- Innervation: intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue.
- Function: movement of the tongue.
