Cranial nerves

Question 1

1:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 1

olfactory
- sensory
- sense of smell

Question 2

2:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 2

Optic
- Sensory
- visual acuity and visual field

Question 3

3:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 3

oculomotor
- Motor
- Muscles that move the eye and lid, pupillary constriction, lens accommodation

Question 4

4:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 4

trochlear
- Motor
- That move the eye

Question 5

5:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 5

trigeminal
- Mixed
- Facial sensation, corneal reflex, mastication

Question 6

6:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 6

abducens
- Motor
- Muscles that move the eye

Question 7

7:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 7

facial
- Mixed
- Symmetry of facial expression and muscle movement in upper and lower face, salivation, and tearing, taste, sensation in the ear

Question 8

8:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 8

acoustic
- Sensory
- Hearing and equilibrium

Question 9

9:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 9

glossopharyngeal
- Mixed
- Taste, sensation in the pharynx and tongue, pharyngeal muscles, swallowing
- eating soup; you can taste it and swallow it; no need to chew

Question 10

10:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 10

vagus
- mixed
- muscles of the pharynx, larynx, and soft palate; sensation in the ear, pharynx, larynx, thoracic and abdominal viscera; parasympathetic innervation of thoracic and abdominal organs

Question 11

11:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 11

spinal accessory
- Motor
- Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Question 12

12:
- Name:
- Type:
- Control:

Answer 12

hypoglossal
- Motor
- Movement of the tongue

Question 13

Frontal lobe

Answer 13

• Thinking
• Decision-making
• Planning
• Problem-solving
• Emotions
• Behavioral controls

Question 14

parietal lobe

Answer 14

• Perception
• Object classification
• Spelling
• Knowledge of numbers
• Visual spatial processing

Question 15

Temporal lobe

Answer 15

• Memory
• Understanding language
• Facial recognition
• Hearing
• Vision
• Speech
• Emotion

Question 16

Occipital lobe

Answer 16

• Vision
• Visual processing
• Color identification

Question 17

Cerebellum

Answer 17

• Gross and fine motor skills
• Hand eye coordination
• Balance

Question 18

Brain stem

Answer 18

• Regulates body temperature
• Heart rate
• Swallowing
• Breathing

Question 19

Decorticate

Answer 19

• This is a type of flexed posturing and can indicate damage to the cerebral hemispheres. There will be adduction and flexion of the arms and the hands will be closed shut (flexed). The legs will be rotated internally and feet flexed.
• Mnemonic for decorticate posturing : Remember the letters COR in the word decorticate for the word “core”. The patient will bring their ARMS to the core of the body (middle) .

Question 20

Decerebrate

Answer 20

• This is a type of extended posturing and can indicate damage to the brain stem. This is the worst type of posturing between the two. There will be adduction and extension of the arms and pronation of the hands and the fingers will be flexed along with extended legs and plantar flexion of the feet.
• Mnemonic for decerebrate posturing : Look at all the E’s in the word. There are a lot of them, so remember the word EXTENDED. The arms are going to be extended rather than flexed.

Question 21