Cranial Nerves

Question 1

II

Answer 1

Optic: Acuity (text, fingers, light), Fields, Reflexes, Ophthalmoscope (fundoscopy)

Question 2

III

Answer 2

Occulomotor - 3rd nerve palsy = down and out eye deviation and ptosis

Ddx: congenital, infection, CNS tumour, micro vascular

Question 3

IV

Answer 3

Trochlear - upwards and inwards deviation

Ddx: congenital or acquired e.g. trauma,

Question 4

Esotropia

Answer 4

Strabismus (misalignment) where eye is medially (nasally) deviated

Question 5

Exotropia

Answer 5

Tem

Question 6

V

Answer 6

Trigeminal - sensory to face, motor to muscles of mastication (masseter for jaw opening and temporalis for jaw closure)

Question 7

VI

Answer 7

Abducens - lateral oblique, palsy causes inability to abduct eye

Question 8

VII

Answer 8

Facial - muscles of facial expression, e.g. Bell’s palsy.

Altered taste, hyperacusis, altered lacrimation

Question 9

VIII

Answer 9

Vestibulococclear - hearing loss

Question 10

IX

Answer 10

Glossopharyngeal

Question 11

X

Answer 11

Vagus - palatial deviation towards intact side in unilateral palsy

Question 12

XI

Answer 12

Assessory - sternomastoid and trapezius

Question 13

XII

Answer 13

Hypoglossal - unilateral wasting is ipsilateral wasting fasiculation and deviation to the paralysed side