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Nerve > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What nerves go in and out in the menace response?
What response?

A

In: CN2
Out: CN7- orbicularis oculi m.
Blink/eyelid closure

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2
Q

What nerves go in and out in palpebral reflex? What is the response?

A

IN: CN5- ophthalmic branch medially, maxillary branch laterally
OUT: CN7- orbicularis oculi m.
Response: Eyelid closure, blink

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3
Q

What nerves go in and out for the corneal reflex? What is the response?

A

IN: CN5- ophthalmic branch
OUT: CN 7- orbicularis oculi m.
Response: Eyelid closure

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4
Q

What nerves go in and out for dazzle reflex? Response?

A

IN: CN2
OUT: CN7- orbicularis oculi m.
Response: blink

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5
Q

What innervation does the dilator have?

A

Sympathetic

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6
Q

What type of innervation does the sphincter have?

A

Parasympathetic

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7
Q

What nerves go in and out in pupillary light reflex? What response?

A

IN: CN2
OUT: CN3- iris sphincter m.
Response: Pupillary constriction in both eyes

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8
Q

What nerves go in and out in vestibulo-ocular reflex? Response?

A

IN: CN8
Out: CN3,4,6
Response: Coordinated eye movements to maintain line of sight

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9
Q

Where do all cranial nerves emerge from?

A

Foramina of skull

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10
Q

Which is the cranial nerve that doesn’t carry axons to and from the brain?

A

Accessory- CN11 whose axons arise from the spinal cord

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11
Q

What do somatic motor neurons arise from?

A

Arise from LMN cell bodies that are located in a brainstem motor nucleus

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12
Q

Visceral motor neurons N1 and N2?

A

Cell body N1: brainstem/CNS
Axon N1: cranial nerve
N2: peripheral ganglion close to or within target organ

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13
Q

Which cranial nerves are VE parasympathetic pathways?

A

CN 3, 7, 9, 10

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14
Q

What type of neurons are sensory neurons?

A

Pseudiunipolar - cell bodies are in peripheral ganglion

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15
Q

Which nerve is the major afferent cranial nerve from tissues in the face?

A

Trigeminal CN5

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16
Q

Which places do trigeminal CN5 carry sensory info from?

A

Skin of face
Mucosa lining nasal/oral cavities
Teeth
Cornea

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17
Q

Where do cell bodies of the trigeminal nerve reside in?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

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18
Q

Which are the branches of trigeminal

A

ophthalmic
Mandibular
Maxillary

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19
Q

Which places does the vagus carry sensory info from?

A

Neck
Thoracic
Abdominal Viscera

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20
Q

Where does the glossopharyngeal nerve carry sensory information from ?

A

Pharynx

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21
Q

Where do cell bodies of the glossopharyngeal nerve go?

A

Ganglion in Tympano- occipital fissure

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22
Q

Where does the Vagus Nerve exit from?

A

Exits cranial cavity: jugular foramen
Emerges from skull: tympano-occipital fissure

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23
Q

what is the major ganglion of the vagus?

A

Distal ganglion of vagus

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24
Q

pharyngeal plexus somatic motor innervation? sensory?

A

Somatic motor: skeletal muscle of pharynx
Sensory: pharyngeal mucosa

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25
Cranial laryngeal branch motor/sensory innervation?
motor: cricothyroideus Sensory: laryngeal mucosa
26
Recurrent laryngeal nerves innervate which structures?
-Trachea, Esophagus
27
What is the ganglion near the trigeminal nerve?
Trigeminal ganglion
28
Where does the ophthalmic nerve exit the cranial cavity and emerge from the skull?
orbital fissure
29
Where does the maxillary nerve exit the cranial cavity?
Round foramen and then enters the alar formen and emerges from the skull via the rostral alar foramen
30
Where does the mandibular nerve emerge?
Oval foramen
31
What does the ophthalmic nerve provide somatic sensory to?
Structures of the globe, mucosa overlying nasal septum
32
What does the maxillary nerve provide somatic sensory to?
remaining nasal mucosa, oral mucosa overlying maxilla, maxillary teeth
33
What does the mandibular nerve provide somatic sensory to?
oral mucosa on tongue surface, mandible and within vestibule
34
Where does the trigeminal nerve provide somatic efferent innercation to?
Muscles of mastication
35
Where do you insert the analgesia for a mandibular incisor
Immediately adjacent to or within the mental foramina
36
Where do you insert anesthetic for removal of the 2nd premolar
Mandibular foramen
37
Where do you inject analgesia for extraction of the upper 4th premolar
Caudal to the maxillary foramen where the infraorbital branch of the maxillary nerve enters the maxilla
38
Where does the facial nerve 7 exit the cranial cavity and emerge from the skull?
Exit cranial cavity- Internal acoustic meatus Emerge from skull- stylomastoid foramen
39
What are 3 main branches of the facial nerve?
Dorsal/Ventral Buccal Auriculopalpebral
40
Where does the facial nerve provide somatic motor innervation to?
Muscles of eyelid- orbicularis oculi Muscle of lips- orbicularis oris, levator nasolabialis Muscles of cheeks- buccinator Muscles of external ear
41
Where does the facial nerve provide sensory function to
Concave surface of pinna and external ear canal Rostral 2/3 of tongue !!!
42
Where does the facial nerve provide visceral efferent function to?
Sublingual/mandibular salivary glands and nasal glands Lacrimal glands
43
Where do CN 3,4,6 exit the cranial cavity from ?
Exit cranial cavity through orbial fissure and enter periorbita
44
Where does CN3 provide somatic motor innervation to?
Ventral oblique, dorsal, ventral, medial rectus, levator palpebrae superioris
45
Where does CN3 provide parasympathetic visceral motor to?
Pupillary constrictor muscle
46
What is the ganglion of parasympathetic innervation of CN3 called
ciliary ganglion
47
Where does CN 4 provide somatic motor innervation to?
Dorsal olique muscle of eye
48
WHere does CN 6 provide somatic innervation to?
Lateral rectus muscle and retractor bulbi muscles
49
Where does CN 8 enter?
Petrous temporal bone
50
What 2 sensory structures does the petrous temporal bone house?
Cochlea Vestibular apparatus
51
Where do axons of CN 8 carry information from?
Cochela and vestibular apparatus
52
What are the specialized sensory cells in the cochlea called
Hair cells
53
What do hair cells do?
Transduce the mechanical stimuli generated by sound into chemical signals that can alter the rate of action potentials in vestibulocochlear axons.
54
What are the specialized sensory cells in the vestibular apparatus ?
Hair cells
55
WHat do the sensory cells in the vestibular apparatus do?
Transduce the mechanical stimuli generated by head position and head movement into chemical signals
56
Where does CN 9 exit the cranial cavity and emerge from the skull?
Exit cranial cavity: jugular foramen Emerge skull: tympanooccipital fissure
57
What branches of CN 9 are there?
Lingual branch Pharyngeal branch
58
What does the lingual branch do of CN9?
Provides sensory innervation to caudal 1/3 of tongue
59
What makes up the pharyngeal plexus?
Pharyngeal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve Pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve
60
What does the pharyngeal plexus do?
The plexus provides motor innervation to skeletal muscles of pharynx- pharyngeal constrictor Sensory innervation to pharyngeal mucosa
61
What does lingual branch of glossopharyngeal nerve provide sensory innervation to?
Caudal 1/3 of the tongue
62
What nerves innervate the mucosa of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharyx?
Pharyngeal plexus
63
What nerve provides parasympathetic visceral motor innervation to parotid/buccal/zygomatic/salivary glands
Glossopharyngeal
64
Which nerve carry parasympathetic fibers to the mandibular and sublingual salivary glands?
Branches of facial nerve
65
Where are the cell bodies of the sensory neurons that travel in the glossopharyngeal nerve located?
Along the course of the nerve, near the CNS/brainstem
66
Where do ducts of zygomatic and parotid salivary glands open
Travel in cheek and open into the vestibule.
67
Where does the vagus nerve arise from?
The brainstem
68
Where does the vagus nerve exit the cranial cavity and emerge from the skull from?
Exit cranial cavity via jugular foramen Emerge from skull via tympanooccipital fissure
69
Where does the accessory nerve arise from?
Cervical spinal cord
70
Where does the accessory nerve exit the cranial cavity from and emerge from the skull from?
Jugular foramen: cranial cavity Skull: tympanooccipital fissure
71
What structures does the accessory nerve innervate for somatic motor?
Sternocephalicus, brachiocephalicus, omotransversarius, trapezius
72
Why is the accessory nerve innervating seemingly weird structures?
Evolutionary history- fish have no neck
73
Which two cranial nerves don't arise from the brainstem?
CN 1, 11
74
Where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the cranial cavity and emerge from the skull?
Hypoglossal canal
75
What does the hypoglossal nerve provide somatic motor innervation to ?
Intrinsic/extrinsic muscles of tongue

Nerve (2 decks)

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