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Neuro finals KTB > Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

How many cranial nerves are purely motor?

A

4- trochlear, abducens, accessory, hypoglossal

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2
Q

What is the function of CN I?

A

Olfactory nerve- smell

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3
Q

What is the function of CN II?

A

Optic nerve- visual acuity and fields, colour, accommodation and light pupillary reflexes (sensory)

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4
Q

What is the function of CN III?

A

Oculomotor nerve- eye movements to MR, SR, IR, IO. Pupillary constriction (reflexes). Eyelid opening (levator palpebrae superioris). Tear production

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5
Q

What is the function of CN IV?

A

Trochlear nerve- eye movement via SO muscle

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6
Q

What is the function of CN V?

A

Trigeminal nerve- facial sensation via 3 branches: ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular. Motor to masseter, temporalis and pterygoids. Corneal reflex and jaw jerk.

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7
Q

What is the function of CN VI?

A

Abducens nerve- eye movement via LR muscle

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8
Q

What is the function of CN VII?

A

Facial nerve- facial movements including forehead. Taste to anterior tongue. Stapedius muscle.

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9
Q

What is the function of CN VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve- hearing and balance

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10
Q

What is the function of CN IX?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve- sensation and movement to pharynx eg. swallowing, cough, gag reflex (motor)

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11
Q

What is the function of CN X?

A

Vagus nerve- PNS, gag reflex

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12
Q

What is the function of CN XI?

A

Accessory nerve- SCM and trapezius

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13
Q

What is the function of CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal nerve- tongue movements

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14
Q

Describe the syndrome of 3rd nerve palsy

A

Oculomotor N palsy

  • Eye deviated down and out (SO and LR action)
  • Anhydrosis
  • Miosis
  • Ptosis
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15
Q

Describe the presentation of 6th nerve palsy

A

Abducens N palsy

-Eye not able to abduct/lateral gaze diplopia

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16
Q

Describe the presentation of a facial nerve palsy

A
  • Facial droop (including forehead)
  • Hyperacusis
  • Loss of taste to anterior tongue
17
Q

Name some types of visual field loss and where the lesion is

A
  • Homonymous hemianopia: optic tract
  • Bitemporal hemianopia: optic chiasm
  • Monocular blindness: optic nerve/retina
  • Homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing: occipital lobe visual cortex
18
Q

What should you test when assessing optic nerve function?

A
  • Visual fields
  • Visual acuity: quick and formal with Snellen chart
  • Visual inattention
  • Colour vision with Ishihara plates
  • Reflexes: accommodation and light reflex (direct and consensual)
  • Blind spot
  • Fundoscopy

Neuro finals KTB (8 decks)

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