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Clinical Practice > Cranial Nerve Screens > Flashcards

Cranial Nerve Screens Flashcards

1
Q

What is cranial nerve I?

A

Olfactory

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2
Q

How do you test the Olfactory nerve?

A

Have them smell something and tell you what it is. For example, an alcohol pad.

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3
Q

Is Cranial Nerve I sensory or motor?

A

Purely sensory. It’s function is smell.

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4
Q

What are possible abnormal findings in CN 1?

A

Anosmia: an inability to detect smells

Seen with frontal lobe lesions

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5
Q

Optic Nerve

A

Cranial Nerve II
Function: vision
Purely sensory

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6
Q

How do you test CN 2?

A 
Test visual acuity.
Central: Snellen eye chart; test each eye separately at a distance of 20 feet
Peripheral vision (visual fields): by confrontation - have patient sum fingers you are holding up
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7
Q

What are possible abnormal findings for CN 2?

A

Blindness, myopia (nearsightedness), presbyopia (farsightedness)

Field defects: homonymous hemianopsia

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8
Q

Cranial Nerve 3

A

Oculomotor
Function: Pupillary reflexes
Purely motor

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9
Q

How do you test Oculomotor?

A

Use the H test.
Test pupillary reactions by shining light in eye
If abnormal, test near reaction.
Examine pupillary size/shape

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10
Q

What are possible abnormal findings for the oculomotor nerve?

A

Absence of pupillary constriction
Anisocoria (unequal pupils)
Horner’s syndrome, CN 3 paralysis

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11
Q

Trochlear Nerve

A

CN 4
Function: extraocular movements. Pupillary constriction and eye movements.
Purely motor

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12
Q

How do you test CN 4?

A

H test

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13
Q

What are possible abnormal findings for CN 4?

A

Strabismus (eye deviates from normal conjugate position)
Impaired eye movements
Double vision

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14
Q

Cranial Nerve 5

A

Trigeminal nerve
Function: sensory - face
sensory - cornea
motor - muscles of mastication

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15
Q

How do you test CN 5?

A

Palpate the temporal and masseter muscles while they clench

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16
Q

What are possible abnormal findings for the trigeminal nerve?

A

Loss of facial sensations or weakness and wasting of muscles

When opened, deviation of jaw to ipsilateral side

17
Q

Abducens Nerve

A

Cranial Nerve 6
Function: Lateral rectus: turns eye out
Purely motor

18
Q

How do you test CN 6?

A

H test (lateral tracking)

19
Q

What are possible abnormal findings for the abducens?

A

Esotropia (eye pulled inward)

Eye cannot look out

20
Q

Cranial Nerve 7

A

Facial nerve
Function: facial expression.
Taste to anterior two thirds of tongue
Mixed motor and sensory

21
Q

How do you test the facial nerve?

A

Raise eyebrows, puff out cheeks, smile

22
Q

What are possible abnormal findings in the facial nerve?

A

Paralysis:

inability to close eye, drooping corner of mouth, and difficulty with speech articulation

23
Q

Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Cranial nerve 8
Function: vestibular function and cochlear function. Equilibrium.
Purely sensory

24
Q

How do you test CN 8?

A

Rub fingers next to both ears or whisper

Weber’s test = vibration on the forehead

25
Q

What are possible abnormal findings for CN 8?

A

Vertigo, dysequilibrium, nystagmus
Deafness, tinnitus
Conductive loss

26
Q

Cranial Nerve 9

A

Glossopharyngeal
Function: Sensory to posterior one third of tongue, pharynx, middle ear
Mixed motor and sensory

27
Q

How do you test CN 9?

A

Gag reflex

Not usually tested

28
Q

Vagus nerve

A

Cranial nerve 10
Function: vocal sounds, swallowing, pharynx control
Mixed motor and sensory

29
Q

How do you test the vagus nerve?

A

Have the patient say “ah” and check for uvula deviation

30
Q

What are possible abnormal finding for CN 10?

A

Paralysis: palate fails to elevate

Asymmetrical elevation

31
Q

Cranial Nerve 11

A

Spinal accessory nerve
Function: motor - trapezius muscle, sternocleidomastoid
Purely motor

32
Q

How do you test CN 11?

A

Test the same way as C4 myotome

33
Q

What are possible abnormal finding for CN 11?

A

LMN: atrophy, ipsilateral weakness, inability to shrug ipsilateral shoulder
UMN: weakness of ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid and contralateral trapezius

34
Q

Hypoglossal nerve

A

Cranial Nerve 12
Function: Tongue movements
Purely motor

35
Q

How do you test CN 12?

A

Patient pushes tongue into cheek and then examiner resists OR pt protrudes tongue and watch for deviation

36
Q

What are possible abnormal findings for CN 12?

A

Dysarthria, impaired movements, deviation to weak side

Clinical Practice (19 decks)

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